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      CISCO路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)

      時間:2019-05-12 12:07:04下載本文作者:會員上傳
      簡介:寫寫幫文庫小編為你整理了多篇相關(guān)的《CISCO路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)》,但愿對你工作學(xué)習(xí)有幫助,當(dāng)然你在寫寫幫文庫還可以找到更多《CISCO路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)》。

      第一篇:CISCO路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)

      CISCO路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)

      前不久,朋友在對一臺帶語音模快的CISCO2610進(jìn)行IOS升級時,由于路由器的內(nèi)存(flash)為8M,IOS軟件為7M多,升級后路由器無法正常啟動。啟動后到rommon 1 >狀態(tài),請求幫助。由于本人長期從事計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理工作,在對CISCO路由器的長期日常維護(hù)和管理實(shí)踐中積累了一定的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?,F(xiàn)總結(jié)歸納出CISCO路由器IOS映像升級的幾種方法,供廣大網(wǎng)絡(luò)愛好者或同仁參考。在介紹CISCO路由器IOS升級方法前,有必要對Cisco路由器的存儲器的相關(guān)知識作以簡單介紹。路由器與計(jì)算機(jī)相似,它也有內(nèi)存和操作系統(tǒng)。在Cisco路由器中,其操作系統(tǒng)叫做互連網(wǎng)操作系統(tǒng)(Internetwork Operating System),常簡稱為IOS.路由器的存儲器主要有:

      ROM:只讀存儲器包含路由器正在使用的IOS的一份副本;

      RAM:IOS將隨機(jī)訪問存儲器分成共享和主存。主要用來存儲運(yùn)行中的路由器配置和與路由協(xié)議有關(guān)的IOS數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu);

      FLASH(閃存):用來存儲IOS軟件映像文件,閃存是可以擦除內(nèi)存,它能夠用IOS的新版本覆寫,IOS升級主要是閃存中的IOS映像文件進(jìn)行更換。

      NVRAM:非易失性隨機(jī)訪問存儲器,用來存儲系統(tǒng)的配置文件。

      IOS升級方法一

      在對能夠正常啟動的CISCO路由器的IOS進(jìn)行升級時,比較簡單。具體步驟如下:

      1、尋找一種TFTP服務(wù)器軟件(有CISCO公司的TFTPServer或3COM公司的3Cserver等,在升級較大IOS映象文件時,建議用3Cserver),安裝在一臺計(jì)算機(jī)上,將要升級的IOS映象文件拷貝到相關(guān)的目錄中(例:D:),并運(yùn)行TFTP服務(wù)器軟件,通過菜單設(shè)置Root目錄為拷貝IOS映象文件所在目錄(如D:)。假設(shè)該計(jì)算機(jī)的IP地址為10.32.10.1;

      2、連接路由器的console口與PC機(jī)的COM1(有文檔說明),使用PC的超級終端軟件訪問路由器,將路由器的地址設(shè)為10.32.10.32(與計(jì)算機(jī)的IP地址同網(wǎng)段即可)。建議在進(jìn)行IOS升級前將原有IOS文件備份下來,防止待升級的IOS文件存在問題不可用; 也可用Router#Show version)QUOTE:Router# dir flash:(查看目前IOS映象文件名,Directory of flash:/ 1-rw-5998292 C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN 8388608 bytes total(2390252 bytes free)

      Router#copy flash tftp(備份IOS文件)Source filename []?c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(指定TFTP服務(wù)器地址)

      Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?

      ?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!

      ?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!

      5998292 bytes copied in 324.071 secs(18509 bytes/sec)Router#

      3、對路由器進(jìn)行IOS升級;

      QUOTE:Router#copy tftp flash Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(指定TFTP服務(wù)器地址)

      Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin(需升級的新IOS映象文件名)

      Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?

      Do you want to over write? [confirm]

      (確認(rèn))

      Accessing tftp://10.32.10.1/c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin……

      Erase flash: before copying? [confirm] Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files!Continue? [confirm] Erasing device…… eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ……erasedee

      Erase of flash: complete

      :?。。。。。?!Loading c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin from 10.32.10.1(via Ethernet0/0)!

      !?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?/p>

      ?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!

      [OKRestricted Rights clause at FAR sec.52.227-19 and subparagraph(c)(1)(ii)of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS sec.252.227-7013.cisco Systems,Inc.170 West Tasman Drive San Jose,California 95134-1706 Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software,(11)IOS(tm)C2600 Software(C2600-I-M)Version 12.2T9,RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)

      TAC Support: http://www.004km.cn/tac

      Copyright(c)1986-2003 by cisco Systems,Inc.Compiled Mon 23-Jun-03 15:42 by cmong Image text-base: 0x8000809C,data-base: 0x80A68B48 cisco 2610(MPC860)processor(revision 0x203)with 22528K/2048K bytes of memory Processor board ID JAD03483395(1128032249)

      M860 processor: part number 0,mask 49 Bridging software.X.25 software,Version 3.0.0.1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)

      Serial(sync/async)network interface(s)

      32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.8192K bytes of processor board System flash(Read/Write)

      Press RETURN to get started!

      *Mar 1 00:00:05.652: %PA-2-UNDEFPA: Undefined Port Adaptor type 100 in bay 1 *Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0,changed state to up *Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0,changed state to down *Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/1,changed state to down *Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0,changed state to up *Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0,changed state to down *Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1,changed state to down *Mar 1 00:00:09.458: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from memory by console *Mar 1 00:00:11.245: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1,changed state to administratively down *Mar 1 00:00:12.275: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted ——Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software,(11)IOS(tm)C2600 Software(C2600-I-M)Version 12.2T9,RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)

      TAC Support: http://www.004km.cn/tac

      Copyright(c)1986-2003 by cisco Systems,Inc.Compiled Mon 23-Jun-03 15:42 by cmong *Mar 1 00:00:12.279: %SNMP-5-COLDSTART: SNMP agent on host NE16 is undergoing a cold start Router采用這種方法時,由于使用console口來傳送,速率為9600bps,需要時間較長。因此可修改console口速率利用xmodem命令實(shí)現(xiàn)快速升級IOS.具體方法如下:

      QUOTE:rommon 1 > confreg 回車

      Configuration Summary enabled are:

      load rom after netboot fails console baud: 9600

      原始的速率9600bps boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600 do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)

      enable “diagnostic mode”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “use net in IP bcast address”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      disable “l(fā)oad rom after netboot fails”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “use all zero broadcast”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “break/abort has effect”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)

      enter rate: 0 = 9600,1 = 4800,2 = 1200,3 = 2400 4 = 19200,5 = 38400,6 = 57600,7 = 115200 [0]: 7(選擇 7,用最大的11520 速率的xmodem傳輸)

      change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      Configuration Summary enabled are:

      load rom after netboot fails console baud: 115200 boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600 do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect rommon 2 > reset 回車注意:在按reset鍵前,需要修改串口速度(我的電腦——端口屬性——串口速度調(diào)為115200),然后再修改超級終端里設(shè)置速率為115200,記住,一定要這么做,否則會出現(xiàn)亂碼!然后關(guān)閉這個超級終端,重新建立一個超級終端連接,重新啟動系統(tǒng)后,出現(xiàn)

      QUOTE:rommon 1> 提示符然后,輸入

      QUOTE:rommon 1> xmodem-r

      Do not start the sending program yet……

      Invoke this application only for disaster recovery.Do you wish to continue? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)

      Ready to receive file ……

      此時,在超級終端的菜單上的“傳送”——“發(fā)送文件”——選擇IOS映像文件所在地以及選擇使用“xmodem”協(xié)議,點(diǎn)擊“發(fā)送”即可。等待10-20分鐘左右就可升級完3-6M的IOS文件!待升級完成后,請記住修改回計(jì)算機(jī)串口與超級終端、路由器confreg下的xmodem等傳輸速率為9600bps.方法如下:

      QUOTE:Router>en 進(jìn)入新IOS的特權(quán)模式

      Router#reload 重啟系統(tǒng)

      Proceed with reload? [confirm] 回車

      00:01:04: %SYS-5-RELOAD: Reload requested System Bootstrap,Version 11.3(2)XA4,RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)

      Copyright(c)1999 by cisco Systems,Inc.TAC:Home:SW:IOS:Specials for info PC = 0xfff0a530,Vector = 0x500,SP = 0x680127b0 C2600 platform with 24576 Kbytes of main memory PC = 0xfff0a530,Vector = 0x500,SP = 0x80004684 monitor: command “boot” aborted due to user interrupt 30秒內(nèi)按ctrl+break鍵 rommon 1 > confreg(輸入“confreg”命令)

      Configuration Summary enabled are:

      load rom after netboot fails console baud: 115200

      boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600 do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)

      enable “diagnostic mode”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “use nn IP bcast address”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      disable “l(fā)oad rom after netboot fails”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “use all zero broadcast”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “break/abort has effect”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)

      enter rate: 0 = 9600,1 = 4800,2 = 1200,3 = 2400 4 = 19200,5 = 38400,6 = 57600,7 = 115200 [7]: 0(選擇 0,改回用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)速率速率9600的xmodem傳輸)

      change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      Configuration Summary enabled are:

      load rom after netboot fails console baud: 9600 boot: image specified by the boot system commands or default to: cisco2-C2600 do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect rommon 2 > 此時手工改回計(jì)算機(jī)串口與超級終端2者傳輸速率為9600 然后敲入:

      QUOTE:rommon 2 >reset

      最好關(guān)掉電源后,重新啟動。利用xmodem命令實(shí)現(xiàn)路由器IOS升級速度較慢,往往等上很長時間,為了快速升級,可以采用下列方法。

      (二)通過tftpdnld命令升級IOS,具體步驟如下:

      1、用Cisco原配的線纜連接路由器的console口與PC機(jī)的COM1,使用PC機(jī)的超級終端軟件訪問路由器;用一根雙絞線連接路由器的eth0/0口與PC機(jī)的網(wǎng)卡。

      2、將路由器的eth0/0口IP地址設(shè)為10.32.10.32;PC機(jī)的IP地址設(shè)為10.32.10.1.將要升級的IOS映象文件拷貝到相關(guān)的目錄中,并運(yùn)行TFTP服務(wù)器軟件,通過菜單設(shè)置Root目錄為拷貝IOS映象文件所在目錄。

      3、通過set 命令查看配置參數(shù)

      QUOTE:rommon 2 > set PS1=rommon!> BOOT= BSI=0 RET_2_RTS= ?=0

      4、在 rommon 狀態(tài)下輸入:(注意大小寫)

      QUOTE:rommon 3 >IP_ADDRESS=10.32.10.1(路由器的ip地址)

      rommon 4 >IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0(路由器的掩碼)

      rommon 5 >DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.32.10.32(缺省網(wǎng)關(guān),是pc機(jī)的ip地址)rommon 6 >TFTP_SERVER=10.32.10.32(是pc機(jī)的ip地址)

      rommon 7 >TFTP_FILE=C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN(上傳ios文件的名稱)

      rommon 8>sync(保存參數(shù)配置)

      rommon 9 >set(查看)

      PS1=rommon!> BOOT= IP_ADDRESS=10.32.10.1 IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0 DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.32.10.32 TFTP_SERVER=10.32.10.32 TFTP_FILE=C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN BSI=0 RET_2_RTS= ?=0 rommon 10 >tftpdnld執(zhí)行tftpdnld命令進(jìn)行ios升級,有時可能會報錯或命令不執(zhí)行,這時只要用sync命令保存配置后,重新啟動路由器(最好關(guān)掉電源再開機(jī))后,再執(zhí)行tftpdnld命令就可以了。

      QUOTE:rommon 10 >tftpdnld(傳送文件)出現(xiàn)提示選擇y IP_ADDRESS: 10.32.10.1 IP_SUBNET_MASK: 255.255.255.0 DEFAULT_GATEWAY: 10.32.10.32 TFTP_SERVER: 10.32.10.32 TFTP_FILE: C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN Invoke this command for disaster recovery only.WARNING: all existing data in all partitions on flash will be lost!Do you wish to continue? y/n: [n]:

      y

      ?。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!Receiving C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN from 10.32.10.32!

      ?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?/p>

      ?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!

      File reception completed.Copying file C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN to flash.Erasing flash at 0x607c0000 program flash location 0x605b0000 rommon 11> 在rommon 11>提示符下鍵入reset,或重新啟動路由器(power-cycle),進(jìn)入正常引導(dǎo)狀態(tài),即:

      rommon 11 >reset 筆者在Cisco2500、2600、7200等系列路由器上均實(shí)際操作過,以上為在Cisco2610路由器上實(shí)際操作捕獲或截屏,所配地址只是特例,大家可根據(jù)實(shí)際需要予以修改。最后建議:大家在作正常路由器系統(tǒng)升級時,為防止不正確操作等引起的升級失敗,請先把路由器原有的系統(tǒng)備份下來。

      第二篇:路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)

      IOS升級方法一

      在對能夠正常啟動的CISCO路由器的IOS進(jìn)行升級時,比較簡單。具體步驟如下:

      1、尋找一種TFTP服務(wù)器軟件(有CISCO公司的TFTPServer或3COM公司的3Cserver等,在升級較大IOS映象文件時,建議用3Cserver),安裝在一臺計(jì)算機(jī)上,將要升級的IOS映象文件拷貝到相關(guān)的目錄中(例:D:),并運(yùn)行TFTP服務(wù)器軟件,通過菜單設(shè)置Root目錄為拷貝IOS映象文件所在目錄(如D:)。假設(shè)該計(jì)算機(jī)的IP地址為10.32.10.1;

      2、連接路由器的console口與PC機(jī)的COM1,使用PC的超級終端軟件訪問路由器,將路由器的地址設(shè)為10.32.10.32(與計(jì)算機(jī)的IP地址同網(wǎng)段即可)。建議在進(jìn)行IOS升級前將原有IOS文件備份下來,防止待升級的IOS文件存在問題不可用;

      QUOTE: Router# dir flash:(查看目前IOS映象文件名,也可用Router#Show version)

      Directory of flash:/

      1-rw-5998292 C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN

      8388608 bytes total(2390252 bytes free)

      Router#copy flash tftp(備份IOS文件)

      Source filename []?c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin

      Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(TFTP服務(wù)器地址)Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?

      ?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?

      ?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!!

      5998292 bytes copied in 324.071 secs(18509 bytes/sec)

      Router#

      3、對路由器進(jìn)行IOS升級;

      QUOTE: Router#copy tftp flash

      Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(TFTP服務(wù)器地址)

      Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin(需升級的新IOS映象文件名)

      Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?

      Do you want to over write? [confirm]

      Accessing tftp://10.32.10.1/c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin...Erase flash: before copying? [confirm]

      Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files!Continue? [confirm]

      Erasing device...eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee...erasedee

      Erase of flash: complete

      Loading c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin from 10.32.10.1(via Ethernet0/0):?。。。。。?!

      !?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!?

      !?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!

      [OKRestricted

      Rights clause at FAR sec.52.227-19 and subparagraph

      (c)(1)(ii)of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer

      Software clause at DFARS sec.252.227-7013.cisco Systems, Inc.170 West Tasman Drive

      San Jose, California 95134-1706

      Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software

      IOS(tm)C2600 Software(C2600-I-M), Version 12.2(11)T9, RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)

      TAC Support: http://www.004km.cn/tac

      Copyright(c)1986-2003 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Mon 23-Jun-03 15:42 by cmong

      Image text-base: 0x8000809C, data-base: 0x80A68B48

      cisco 2610(MPC860)processor(revision 0x203)with 22528K/2048K bytes of memory

      Processor board ID JAD03483395(1128032249)

      M860 processor: part number 0, mask 49

      Bridging software.X.25 software, Version 3.0.0.1 Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)

      Serial(sync/async)network interface(s)

      32K bytes of non-volatile configuration memory.8192K bytes of processor board System flash(Read/Write)

      Press RETURN to get started!

      *Mar 1 00:00:05.652: %PA-2-UNDEFPA: Undefined Port Adaptor type 100 in bay 1

      *Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up

      *Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down

      *Mar 1 00:00:07.996: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down

      *Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0/0, changed state to up

      *Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down

      *Mar 1 00:00:09.142: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down

      *Mar 1 00:00:09.458: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from memory by console

      *Mar 1 00:00:11.245: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0/1, changed state to administratively down

      *Mar 1 00:00:12.275: %SYS-5-RESTART: System restarted--Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software

      IOS(tm)C2600 Software(C2600-I-M), Version 12.2(11)T9, RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)

      TAC Support: http://www.004km.cn/tac

      Copyright(c)1986-2003 by cisco Systems, Inc.Compiled Mon 23-Jun-03 15:42 by cmong

      *Mar 1 00:00:12.279: %SNMP-5-COLDSTART: SNMP agent on host NE16 is undergoing a cold start

      Router> 采用這種方法時,由于使用console口來傳送,速率為9600bps,需要時間較長。因此可修改console口速率利用xmodem命令實(shí)現(xiàn)快速升級IOS。具體方法如下:

      QUOTE: rommon 1 > confreg 回車

      Configuration Summary

      enabled are:

      load rom after netboot fails

      console baud: 9600

      boot: image specified by the boot system commands

      or default to: cisco2-C2600

      do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)

      enable “diagnostic mode”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “use net in IP bcast address”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      disable “l(fā)oad rom after netboot fails”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “use all zero broadcast”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “break/abort has effect”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)

      enter rate: 0 = 9600, 1 = 4800, 2 = 1200, 3 = 2400

      = 19200, 5 = 38400, 6 = 57600, 7 = 115200 [0]: 7(選擇 7,用最大的11520

      速率的xmodem傳輸)

      change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      Configuration Summary

      enabled are:

      load rom after netboot fails

      console baud: 115200

      boot: image specified by the boot system commands

      or default to: cisco2-C2600

      do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect

      rommon 2 > reset 回車

      注意:在按reset鍵前,需要修改串口速度(我的電腦---端口屬性----串口速度調(diào)為115200),然后再修改超級終端里設(shè)置速率為115200,記住,一定要這么做,否則會出現(xiàn)亂碼!然后關(guān)閉這個超級終端,重新建立一個超級終端連接,重新啟動系統(tǒng)后,出現(xiàn) QUOTE: rommon 1> 提示符

      然后,輸入

      QUOTE: rommon 1> xmodem-r

      Do not start the sending program yet...Invoke this application only for disaster recovery.Do you wish to continue? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)

      Ready to receive file...此時,在超級終端的菜單上的“傳送”---“發(fā)送文件”----選擇IOS映像文件所在地以及選擇使用“xmodem”協(xié)議,點(diǎn)擊“發(fā)送”即可。等待10-20分鐘左右就可升級完3-6M的IOS文件!待升級完成后,請記住修改回計(jì)算機(jī)串口與超級終端、路由器confreg下的xmodem等傳輸速率為9600bps。

      方法如下:

      QUOTE: Router>en 進(jìn)入新IOS的特權(quán)模式

      Router#reload 重啟系統(tǒng)

      Proceed with reload? [confirm] 回車

      00:01:04: %SYS-5-RELOAD: Reload requested

      System Bootstrap, Version 11.3(2)XA4, RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1)

      Copyright(c)1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.TAC:Home:SW:IOS:Specials for info

      PC = 0xfff0a530, Vector = 0x500, SP = 0x680127b0

      C2600 platform with 24576 Kbytes of main memory

      PC = 0xfff0a530, Vector = 0x500, SP = 0x80004684

      monitor: command “boot” aborted due to user interrupt 30秒內(nèi)按ctrl+break鍵

      rommon 1 > confreg(輸入“confreg”命令)

      Configuration Summary

      enabled are:

      load rom after netboot fails

      console baud: 115200

      boot: image specified by the boot system commands

      or default to: cisco2-C2600

      do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)

      enable “diagnostic mode”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “use nn IP bcast address”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      disable “l(fā)oad rom after netboot fails”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “use all zero broadcast”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “break/abort has effect”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      enable “ignore system config info”? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      change console baud rate? y/n [n]: y(選擇 yes)

      enter rate: 0 = 9600, 1 = 4800, 2 = 1200, 3 = 2400

      = 19200, 5 = 38400, 6 = 57600, 7 = 115200 [7]: 0(選擇 0,改回用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)速率速率9600的xmodem傳輸)

      change the boot characteristics? y/n [n]: n(選擇 no)

      Configuration Summary

      enabled are:

      load rom after netboot fails

      console baud: 9600

      boot: image specified by the boot system commands

      or default to: cisco2-C2600

      do you wish to change the configuration? y/n [n]: n You must reset or power cycle for new config to take effect

      rommon 2 > 此時手工改回計(jì)算機(jī)串口與超級終端2者傳輸速率為9600

      然后敲入

      QUOTE: rommon 2 >reset 最好關(guān)掉電源后,重新啟動。利用xmodem命令實(shí)現(xiàn)路由器IOS升級速度較慢,往往等上很長時間,為了快速升級,可以采用下列方法。

      二)通過tftpdnld命令升級IOS,具體步驟如下:

      1、用Cisco原配的線纜連接路由器的console口與PC機(jī)的COM1,使用PC機(jī)的超級終端軟件訪問路由器;用一根雙絞線連接路由器的eth0/0口與PC機(jī)的網(wǎng)卡。

      2、將路由器的eth0/0口IP地址設(shè)為10.32.10.32;PC機(jī)的IP地址設(shè)為10.32.10.1。將要升級的IOS映象文件拷貝到相關(guān)的目錄中,并運(yùn)行TFTP服務(wù)器軟件,通過菜單設(shè)置Root目錄為拷貝IOS映象文件所在目錄。

      3、通過set 命令查看配置參數(shù)

      QUOTE: rommon 2 > set

      PS1=rommon!>

      BOOT=

      BSI=0

      RET_2_RTS=

      ?=0

      4、在 rommon 狀態(tài)下輸入:(注意大小寫)QUOTE: rommon 3 >IP_ADDRESS=10.32.10.1(路由器的ip地址)

      rommon 4 >IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0(路由器的掩碼)

      rommon 5 >DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.32.10.32(缺省網(wǎng)關(guān),是pc機(jī)的ip地址)

      rommon 6 >TFTP_SERVER=10.32.10.32(是pc機(jī)的ip地址)

      rommon 7 >TFTP_FILE=C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN(上傳ios文件的名稱)

      rommon 8>sync(保存參數(shù)配置)

      rommon 9 >set(查看)

      rommon 10 > set

      PS1=rommon!>

      BOOT=

      IP_ADDRESS=10.32.10.1

      IP_SUBNET_MASK=255.255.255.0

      DEFAULT_GATEWAY=10.32.10.32

      TFTP_SERVER=10.32.10.32

      TFTP_FILE=C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN

      BSI=0

      RET_2_RTS=

      ?=0

      rommon 11 >tftpdnld 執(zhí)行tftpdnld命令進(jìn)行ios升級,有時可能會報錯或命令不執(zhí)行,這時只要用sync命令保存配置后,重新啟動路由器(最好關(guān)掉電源再開機(jī))后,再執(zhí)行tftpdnld命令就可以了。QUOTE: rommon 11 >tftpdnld(傳送文件)出現(xiàn)提示選擇y

      IP_ADDRESS: 10.32.10.1

      IP_SUBNET_MASK: 255.255.255.0

      DEFAULT_GATEWAY: 10.32.10.32

      TFTP_SERVER: 10.32.10.32

      TFTP_FILE: C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN

      Invoke this command for disaster recovery only.WARNING: all existing data in all partitions on flash will be lost!

      Do you wish to continue? y/n: [n]: y

      Receiving C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN from 10.32.10.32!?。。。。。。。。。。。。?!!

      ?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!!

      ?

      !?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!

      File reception completed.Copying file C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN to flash.Erasing flash at 0x607c0000

      program flash location 0x605b0000

      rommon 13 >

      在rommon 13 >提示符下鍵入reset,或重新啟動路由器(power-cycle),進(jìn)入正常引導(dǎo)狀態(tài),即:

      Router> 筆者在Cisco2500、2600、7200等系列路由器上均實(shí)際操作過,以上為在Cisco2610路由器上實(shí)際操作捕獲或截屏,所配地址只是特例,大家可根據(jù)實(shí)際需要予以修改。最后建議:大家在作正常路由器系統(tǒng)升級時,為防止不正確操作等引起的升級失敗,請先把路由器原有的系統(tǒng)備份下來。

      第三篇:路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)

      路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)

      本人長期從事計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理工作,在對CISCO路由器的長期日常維護(hù)和管理實(shí)踐中積累了一定的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?,F(xiàn)總結(jié)歸納出CISCO路由器IOS映像升級的幾種方法,供廣大網(wǎng)絡(luò)愛好者或同仁參考。在介紹CISCO路由器IOS升級方法前,有必要對Cisco路由器的存儲器的相關(guān)知識作以簡單介紹。路由器與計(jì)算機(jī)相似,它也有內(nèi)存和操作系統(tǒng)。在Cisco路 由器中,其操作系統(tǒng)叫做互連網(wǎng)操作系統(tǒng)(Internetwork Operating System),常簡稱為IOS。路由器的存儲器主要有: ROM:只讀存儲器包含路由器正在使用的IOS的一份副本;

      RAM:IOS將隨機(jī)訪問存儲器分成共享和主存。主要用來存儲運(yùn)行中的路由器配置和與路由協(xié)議有關(guān)的IOS數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu);

      FLASH(閃存):用來存儲IOS軟件映像文件,閃存是可以擦除內(nèi)存,它能夠用IOS的新版本覆寫,IOS升級主要是閃存中的IOS映像文件進(jìn)行更換。NVRAM:非易失性隨機(jī)訪問存儲器,用來存儲系統(tǒng)的配置文件。

      IOS升級方法一

      在對能夠正常啟動的CISCO路由器的IOS進(jìn)行升級時,比較簡單。具體步驟如下:

      1、尋找一種TFTP服務(wù)器軟件(有CISCO公司的TFTPServer或3COM公司的3Cserver等,在升級較大IOS映象文件時,建議用3Cserver),安裝在一臺計(jì)算機(jī)上,將要升級的IOS映象文件拷貝到相關(guān)的目錄中(例:D:),并運(yùn)行TFTP服務(wù)器軟件,通過菜單設(shè)置Root目錄為拷貝IOS映象文件所在目錄(如D:)。假設(shè)該計(jì)算機(jī)的IP地址為10.32.10.1;

      2、連接路由器的console口與PC機(jī)的COM1,使用PC的超級終端軟件訪問路由器,將路由器的地址設(shè)為10.32.10.32(與計(jì)算機(jī)的IP地址同網(wǎng)段即可)。建議在進(jìn)行IOS升級前將原有IOS文件備份下來,防止待升級的IOS文件存在問題不可用; QUOTE: Router# dir flash:(查看目前IOS映象文件名,也可用Router#Show version)

      Directory of flash:/

      1-rw-5998292 C2600-I-MZ.122-11.BIN

      8388608 bytes total(2390252 bytes free)

      Router#copy flash tftp(備份IOS文件)

      Source filename []?c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin

      Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(TFTP服務(wù)器地址)

      Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?

      ?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!

      ?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!!

      5998292 bytes copied in 324.071 secs(18509 bytes/sec)

      Router#

      3、對路由器進(jìn)行IOS升級; QUOTE: Router#copy tftp flash

      Address or name of remote host []? 10.32.10.1(TFTP服務(wù)器地址)

      Source filename []? c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin(需升級的新IOS映象文件名)

      Destination filename [c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin]?

      Do you want to over write? [confirm]

      Accessing tftp://10.32.10.1/c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin...Erase flash: before copying? [confirm]

      Erasing the flash filesystem will remove all files!Continue? [confirm]

      Erasing device...eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee...erasedee

      Erase of flash: complete

      Loading c2600-i-mz.122-11.bin from 10.32.10.1(via Ethernet0/0):!?。。。。?!

      !?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!

      !?。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。?!

      [OK-5998292 bytes]

      Verifying checksum...OK(0xA0C0)

      5998292 bytes copied in 318.282 secs(18846 bytes/sec)

      Router# IOS升級方法二

      由于升級失敗后或者路由器的config-register寄存器值為0x2101時,開啟路由器時、或者在開啟(某些型號)Cisco路由器的電源開關(guān)后30秒內(nèi)按下Ctrl+break鍵,中斷路由器的正常啟動,路由器都會進(jìn)入rom監(jiān)視模式,即Router(boot)>,在這種情形下,對路由器的IOS進(jìn)行升級,也比較簡單。首先進(jìn)入特權(quán)模式下,即

      QUOTE: Router(boot)>en

      Router(boot)# 其他升級步驟同方法一,即:執(zhí)行copy tftp flash命令,對IOS進(jìn)行升級。升級完成后,不要忘了修改config-register寄存器值為0x2102(恢復(fù)正常值)。QUOTE: Router(boot)# t

      Router(boot)(config)# config-register 0x2102

      Router(boot)(config)#exit

      Router(boot)#wr

      Router(boot)#reload

      重啟即可。

      第四篇:cisco 路由器 EZvpn 總結(jié)

      實(shí)驗(yàn)拓?fù)鋱D:

      PC2192.168.150.2/24分支機(jī)構(gòu)PC1192.168.100.0/24E0/3:.1R1192.168.100.2/24192.168.1.0/24E0/0:.1公司總部192.168.150.0/24192.168.2.0/24E0/3:.1E0/1:.2E0/0:.1E0/1:.2192.168.200.0/24E0/3:.1PC3R2R3192.168.200.2/24

      實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)

      分支機(jī)構(gòu)為不固定IP地址,分支機(jī)構(gòu)和公司總部實(shí)現(xiàn)VPN互聯(lián)。分支機(jī)構(gòu)能夠獲取公司總部的網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源。

      基本配置:

      EZvpn network-extension 模式 R1基本配置: R1# R1#show run

      Building configuration...Current configuration : 1010 bytes!version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetimemsec service timestamps log datetimemsec no service password-encryption!hostname R1!boot-start-marker boot-end-marker!noaaa new-model memory-sizeiomem 5!ipcef noip domain lookup!ipauth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3 ip admission max-nodata-conns 3!?。。。。。。。。。nterface Ethernet0/0 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ipnat outside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/1 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/2 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/3 ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0 ipnat inside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex!ip http server noip http secure-server!ip forward-protocol nd ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2!ipnat inside source list 1 interface Ethernet0/0 overload!access-list 1 permit any!!control-plane?。。。?!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 linevty 0 4 login!end

      R1#

      R2的基本配置: R2# R2#show run

      Building configuration...Current configuration : 825 bytes!version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetimemsec service timestamps log datetimemsec no service password-encryption!hostname R2!boot-start-marker boot-end-marker!noaaa new-model memory-sizeiomem 5!ipcef noip domain lookup!ipauth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3 ip admission max-nodata-conns 3?。。。。。。。。。。nterface Ethernet0/0 ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0 half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/1 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/2 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/3 ip address 192.168.150.1 255.255.255.0 half-duplex!ip http server noip http secure-server!ip forward-protocol nd!!

      !control-plane?。。。?!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 linevty 0 4 login!end R2#

      R3的基本配置: R3# *Mar 1 00:13:56.891: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console R3# R3#show run Building configuration...Current configuration : 1010 bytes!version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetimemsec service timestamps log datetimemsec no service password-encryption!hostname R3!boot-start-marker boot-end-marker!noaaa new-model memory-sizeiomem 5!ipcef noip domain lookup!ipauth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3 ip admission max-nodata-conns 3?。。。。。。。。。?!interface Ethernet0/0 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/1 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 ipnat outside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/2 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/3 ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0 ipnat inside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex!ip http server noip http secure-server!ip forward-protocol nd ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1!ipnat inside source list 1 interface Ethernet0/1 overload!access-list 1 permit any!!control-plane!?。。。ine con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 linevty 0 4 login!end

      聯(lián)通性測試: 在R1上測試:

      在R3上測試:

      在PC1上測試

      在PC2上測試

      在PC3上測試

      設(shè)定公司總部R3為Ezvpn Server,則R3上配置如下 R3# R3#show run

      Building configuration...Current configuration : 1505 bytes!version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetimemsec service timestamps log datetimemsec no service password-encryption!hostname R3!boot-start-marker boot-end-marker!aaa new-model!aaa authorization network ezvpnauthor local!aaa session-id common memory-sizeiomem 5!ipcef noip domain lookup!ipauth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3 ip admission max-nodata-conns 3!?。。。。。。?!

      !cryptoisakmp policy 1 authentication pre-share group 2!cryptoisakmp client configuration group group1 key cisco!cryptoipsec transform-set mysetesp-des esp-md5-hmac!crypto dynamic-map dymap 1 set transform-set myset reverse-route!crypto map vpnmapisakmp authorization list ezvpnauthor crypto map vpnmap client configuration address respond crypto map vpnmap 1 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dymap?。?/p>

      interface Ethernet0/0 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/1 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 ipnat outside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex crypto map vpnmap!interface Ethernet0/2 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/3 ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0 ipnat inside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex!

      ip http server noip http secure-server!ip forward-protocol nd ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1!ipnat inside source list 1 interface Ethernet0/1 overload!access-list 1 permit any!!control-plane?。。。?!

      line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 linevty 0 4!End

      公司分部R1為remote角色,在Ezvpn Remote 上面配置 R1# R1#sho run

      Building configuration...Current configuration : 1244 bytes!version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetimemsec service timestamps log datetimemsec no service password-encryption!hostname R1!boot-start-marker boot-end-marker!noaaa new-model memory-sizeiomem 5!ipcef noip domain lookup!ipauth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3 ip admission max-nodata-conns 3?。。。。。。。。。?!!

      cryptoipsec client ezvpn client1 connect auto group group1 key cisco mode network-extension peer 192.168.2.2 xauthuserid mode interactive??!!interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ipnat outside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex cryptoipsec client ezvpn client1!interface Ethernet0/1 noip address shutdown half-duplex!

      interface Ethernet0/2 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/3 ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0 ipnat inside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex cryptoipsec client ezvpn client1 inside!ip http server noip http secure-server!ip forward-protocol nd ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2!ipnat inside source list 1 interface Ethernet0/0 overload!access-list 1 permit any!

      !control-plane?。。。。ine con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 linevty 0 4 login!end

      R1#

      查看R1的vpn狀態(tài)

      在PC1上測試

      我們發(fā)現(xiàn),vpn隧道雖然建立起來了,但是,外網(wǎng)和總部內(nèi)網(wǎng)都ping不通了。這是由于PC1的數(shù)據(jù)都經(jīng)由隧道了,包括訪問公網(wǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)包,都被導(dǎo)入隧道中。我們將隧道進(jìn)行分離,讓訪問公網(wǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)能正常被NAT成R1的公網(wǎng)地址。

      R3#

      show run Building configuration...Current configuration : 1568 bytes!version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetimemsec service timestamps log datetimemsec no service password-encryption!hostname R3!boot-start-marker boot-end-marker!aaa new-model!aaa authorization network ezvpnauthor local!aaa session-id common memory-sizeiomem 5!ipcef noip domain lookup!ipauth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3 ip admission max-nodata-conns 3?。。。。。。。?!

      !cryptoisakmp policy 1 authentication pre-share group 2!cryptoisakmp client configuration group group1 key cisco acl 100!cryptoipsec transform-set mysetesp-des esp-md5-hmac!crypto dynamic-map dymap 1 set transform-set myset reverse-route!crypto map vpnmapisakmp authorization list ezvpnauthor crypto map vpnmap client configuration address respond crypto map vpnmap 1 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dymap!!

      !interface Ethernet0/0 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/1 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 ipnat outside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex crypto map vpnmap!interface Ethernet0/2 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/3 ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0 ipnat inside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex!ip http server noip http secure-server!ip forward-protocol nd ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1!ipnat inside source list 1 interface Ethernet0/1 overload!access-list 1 permit any access-list 100 permit ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 any!!control-plane?。。。?/p>

      !line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 linevty 0 4!end

      R3#

      在R1上重建VPN

      在R1上查看Vpn狀態(tài),我們發(fā)現(xiàn),隧道被成功分離,只有去往192.168.200.0/24的數(shù)據(jù)才會經(jīng)由隧道。

      這個時候,我們在PC1上進(jìn)行測試

      發(fā)現(xiàn),可以正常訪問公網(wǎng),但是還不能訪問vpn對端內(nèi)網(wǎng),怎么回事呢?我們查看R3的NAT表。

      在R3上面查看NAT表

      發(fā)現(xiàn),R3內(nèi)網(wǎng)192.168.200.2機(jī)器icmp reply 全部被NAT成R3的公網(wǎng)接口192.168.2.2地址了。

      在R3上修正NAT問題 R3# R3#show run Building configuration...Current configuration : 1678 bytes!version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetimemsec service timestamps log datetimemsec no service password-encryption!hostname R3!boot-start-marker boot-end-marker!aaa new-model!aaa authorization network ezvpnauthor local!aaa session-id common memory-sizeiomem 5!ipcef noip domain lookup!ipauth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3 ip admission max-nodata-conns 3?。。。。。。。?!

      !cryptoisakmp policy 1 authentication pre-share group 2!cryptoisakmp client configuration group group1 key cisco acl 100!cryptoipsec transform-set mysetesp-des esp-md5-hmac!crypto dynamic-map dymap 1 set transform-set myset reverse-route!crypto map vpnmapisakmp authorization list ezvpnauthor crypto map vpnmap client configuration address respond crypto map vpnmap 1 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dymap!!

      !interface Ethernet0/0 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/1 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 ipnat outside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex crypto map vpnmap!interface Ethernet0/2 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/3 ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0 ipnat inside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex!ip http server noip http secure-server!ip forward-protocol nd ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1!ipnat inside source list 111 interface Ethernet0/1 overload!access-list 1 permit any access-list 100 permit ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 any access-list 111 deny

      ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 111 permit ip any any!!control-plane!??!

      ??!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 linevty 0 4!end

      R3#

      我們通過ACL,先限制源地址192.168.200.0去往192.168.100.0地址進(jìn)行NAT轉(zhuǎn)換,然后允許其它流量轉(zhuǎn)換。在PC1上重新測試

      在PC3上進(jìn)行測試

      OK,VPN實(shí)現(xiàn)成功,總部和分支機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)部訪問外網(wǎng)和對端網(wǎng)絡(luò)都正常。

      Ezvpn Client模式 R3上配置 R3# R3#show run

      Building configuration...Current configuration : 1811 bytes!version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetimemsec service timestamps log datetimemsec no service password-encryption!hostname R3!boot-start-marker boot-end-marker!aaa new-model!aaa authorization network ezvpnauthor local!aaa session-id common memory-sizeiomem 5!ipcef noip domain lookup!ipauth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3 ip admission max-nodata-conns 3?。。。。。。。。?/p>

      !cryptoisakmp policy 1 authentication pre-share group 2!cryptoisakmp client configuration group group1 key cisco poolezvpnpool acl 100!cryptoipsec transform-set set1 esp-des esp-md5-hmac!crypto dynamic-map dymap 1 set transform-set set1 reverse-route!crypto map vpnmapisakmp authorization list ezvpnauthor crypto map vpnmap client configuration address respond crypto map vpnmap 1 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dymap!

      !interface Ethernet0/0 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/1 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 ipnat outside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex crypto map vpnmap!interface Ethernet0/2 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/3 ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0 ipnat inside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex!ip local pool ezvpnpool 10.10.10.1 10.10.10.100 ip http server noip http secure-server!ip forward-protocol nd ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1!ipnat inside source list 111 interface Ethernet0/1 overload!access-list 1 permit any access-list 100 permit ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 any access-list 111 deny

      ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 111 deny

      ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 111 permit ip any any!!control-plane!!

      ?。。?line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 linevty 0 4!end

      R3#

      R1上的配置 R1#show run

      Building configuration...Current configuration : 1396 bytes!version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetimemsec service timestamps log datetimemsec no service password-encryption!hostname R1!boot-start-marker boot-end-marker!noaaa new-model memory-sizeiomem 5!ipcef noip domain lookup!ipauth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3 ip admission max-nodata-conns 3!?。。。。。。。。。?

      cryptoipsec client ezvpn client1 connect auto group group1 key cisco mode client peer 192.168.2.2 xauthuserid mode interactive cryptoipsec client ezvpn client connect auto mode network-extension xauthuserid mode interactive??!!interface Loopback0 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.255!interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ipnat outside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex cryptoipsec client ezvpn client1!interface Ethernet0/1 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/2 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/3 ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0 ipnat inside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex cryptoipsec client ezvpn client1 inside!ip http server noip http secure-server!ip forward-protocol nd ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.2!ipnat inside source list 1 interface Ethernet0/0 overload!access-list 1 permit any!!control-plane?。。。?!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 linevty 0 4 login!end

      R1#

      在R1上查看vpn狀態(tài)

      我們看到,當(dāng)R1為client模式的時候,它將獲取地址池中的一個地址,為10.10.10.7,所有vpn流量,都會用這個地址進(jìn)行nat轉(zhuǎn)換。我們看R1上的show ipnat translation

      在R1上測試網(wǎng)絡(luò)連通性

      在R3上測試聯(lián)通性

      由于R1內(nèi)部機(jī)器地址都會被NAT成10.10.10.7,所以,對于R3內(nèi)部用戶來說是不可訪問的。

      配置xauth認(rèn)證 R3的配置 R3# R3#show run

      Building configuration...Current configuration : 1941 bytes!version 12.4 service timestamps debug datetimemsec service timestamps log datetimemsec no service password-encryption!hostname R3!boot-start-marker boot-end-marker!aaa new-model!aaa authentication login ezvpnlogin local aaa authorization network ezvpnauthor local!aaa session-id common memory-sizeiomem 5!

      ipcef noip domain lookup!ipauth-proxy max-nodata-conns 3 ip admission max-nodata-conns 3!?。。。。?!!username cisco password 0 cisco!

      !!cryptoisakmp policy 1 authentication pre-share group 2!cryptoisakmp client configuration group group1 key cisco poolezvpnpool acl 100!cryptoipsec transform-set set1 esp-des esp-md5-hmac!crypto dynamic-map dymap 1 set transform-set set1 reverse-route!crypto map vpnmap client authentication list ezvpnlogin crypto map vpnmapisakmp authorization list ezvpnauthor crypto map vpnmap client configuration address respond crypto map vpnmap 1 ipsec-isakmp dynamic dymap??!interface Ethernet0/0 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/1 ip address 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0 ipnat outside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex crypto map vpnmap!interface Ethernet0/2 noip address shutdown half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/3 ip address 192.168.200.1 255.255.255.0 ipnat inside ip virtual-reassembly half-duplex!ip local pool ezvpnpool 10.10.10.1 10.10.10.100 ip http server noip http secure-server!ip forward-protocol nd ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1!ipnat inside source list 111 interface Ethernet0/1 overload!access-list 1 permit any access-list 100 permit ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 any access-list 111 deny

      ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 10.10.10.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 111 deny

      ip 192.168.200.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 111 permit ip any any!!control-plane!?。。?!line con 0 exec-timeout 0 0 line aux 0 linevty 0 4!end

      R3#

      R1上的過程

      提示輸入crypto ipsec client ezvpnxauth,并輸入用戶名和密碼,VPN則認(rèn)證成功。另外,cisco VPN Clint 支持Ezvpn client模式。

      新建連接信息如下圖所示:

      第五篇:路由器及IOS簡介

      路由器及IOS簡介

      1.路由器簡介

      (1)CPU:中央處理單元,和計(jì)算機(jī)一樣,它是路由器的控制和運(yùn)算部件。

      (2)RAM/DRAM:內(nèi)存,用于存儲臨時的運(yùn)算結(jié)果,例如,路由表、arp表、快速交換緩存、緩沖數(shù)據(jù)包、數(shù)據(jù)隊(duì)列,以及當(dāng)前配置。眾所周知,RAM中的數(shù)據(jù)在路由器斷電后是丟失的。

      (3)FLASH:可擦除、可編程的ROM,用于存放路由器的IOS,F(xiàn)LASH的課擦除特性允許我們更新、升級IOS。而不是更換路由器內(nèi)部的芯片。路由器斷電后,F(xiàn)LASH的內(nèi)容不會丟失。當(dāng)FLASH容量較大時,可以存放多個IOS版本。

      (4)NVRAM:非易失性RAM,用于存放路由器的配置文件,路由器斷電后,NVRAM中的內(nèi)容仍然保持。

      (5)ROM:只讀存儲器,存儲了路由器的開機(jī)診斷程序、引導(dǎo)程序和特殊版本的IOS軟件(用于診斷等有限用途),當(dāng)ROM中軟件升級時需要更換芯片。

      2.IOS簡介

      路由器也有自己的操作系統(tǒng),通常稱為IOS(internetwork operating system)。和計(jì)算機(jī)上的Windows一樣,IOS是路由器的靈魂,所有配置是通過IOS完成的。

      圖1“show”命令現(xiàn)實(shí)路由器的各種信息

      圖2配置文件的流動

      ROM

      FLASHTFTPROM

      CONSOLE

      圖3路由器啟動過程示意圖

      下載CISCO路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié)word格式文檔
      下載CISCO路由器IOS升級方法總結(jié).doc
      將本文檔下載到自己電腦,方便修改和收藏,請勿使用迅雷等下載。
      點(diǎn)此處下載文檔

      文檔為doc格式


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