第一篇：2010年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力真題的試題與答案

2010年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力真題的試題與答案, Section A 短對(duì)話(11~18)

11.M: Oh my god!The heat is simply unbearable here.I wish we’ve gone to the beach instead.W: Well, with the museums and restaurants in Washington I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature.Q：What does the woman mean? 12.M: How’s the new job going?

W: Well, I’m learning a lot of new things, but I wish the director would give me some feedback.Q：What does the woman want to know? 13.M: Can you help me work out a physical training program John? W: Sure, but whatever you do be careful not to overdo it.Last time I had two weeks’ worth of weight-lifting in three days and I hurt myself.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 14.M: I have an elderly mother and I’m worried about her going on a plane.Is there any risk? W: Not if her heart is all right.If she has a heart condition, I’d recommend against it.Q: What does the man want to know about his mother? 15.M: Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? W: Sorry, I was just a bit absent-minded.Anyway, do I have to pay a fine? Q: what do we learn from the conversation? 16.M: I’m no expert, but that noise in your refrigerator doesn’t sound right.Maybe you should have it fixed.W: You’re right.And I suppose I’ve put it off long enough.Q: What will the woman probably do? 17.M: I did extremely well on the sale of my downtown apartment.Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it.W: Congratulations！Does that mean you’ll be moving soon? Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation? 18.W: My hand still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.I wonder if I broke something.M: I’m no doctor, but it’s not black and blue or anything.Maybe you just need to rest it for a few days.Q: what do we learn about the woman from the conversation?

長對(duì)話（19~21）

M: Mrs.Dawson, thanks very much for coming down to the station.I just like to go over some of the things that you told police officer Parmer at the bank.W: All right.M: Well, could you describe the man who robbed the bank for this report that we’re filling out here? Now, anything at all that you can remember would be extremely helpful to us.W: Well, just, I can only remember basically what I said before.M: That’s all right.W: The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.M: Very good.All right, did he have any other distinguishing marks? W: Um, no, none that I can remember.M: Do you remember how old he was by any chance? W: Well, I guess around 30, maybe younger, give or take a few years.M: Mm, all right.Do you remember anything about what he was wearing? W: Yes, yes, he had on a dark sweater, a solid color.M: OK.Um, anything else that strikes you at the moment? W: I remember he was wearing a light shirt under the sweater.Yes, yes.M: All right.Mrs.Dawson, I really appreciate what you’ve been through today.I’m just going to ask you to look at some photographs before you leave if you don’t mind.It won’t take very long.Can you do that for me? W: Oh, of course.M: Would you like to step this way with me, please? W: OK, sure.M: Thank you.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.What do we learn about the woman? 20.What did the suspect look like? 21.What did the man finally asked the woman to do?

長對(duì)話（22~25）

W: Good morning, I’m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.M: Well, could you tell me your name? W: Candider Forsett.M: Oh yes.What exactly is it that interests you about the job? W: Well, I thought it was just right for me.M: Really? Um… Could you tell me a little about yourself? W: Yes.I’m 23.I’ve been working abroad.M: Where exactly have you been working? W: In Geneva.M: Oh, Geneva.And what were you doing there? W: Secretarial work.Previous to that, I was at university.M: Which university was that? W: The University of Manchester.I’ve got a degree in English.M: You said you’ve been working in Geneva.Do you have any special reason for wanting to come back? W: I thought it would be nice to be near to the family.M: I see, and how do you see yourself developing in this job? W: Well, I’m ambitious.I do hope that my career as a secretary will lead me eventually into management.M: I see.You have foreign languages? W: French and Italian.M: Well, I think the best thing for you to do is do reply a writing to the advertisement.W: Can’t I arrange for an interview now?

M: Well, I’m afraid we must wait until all the applications are in, in writing, and we’ll then decide on the short list.If you are on the short list, of course we should see you.W: Oh, I see.M: I look forward to receiving your application in writing in a day or two.W: Oh, yes, yes, certainly.M: Ok, thank you very much.Goodbye.W: Thank you.Goodbye.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy? 23.Why did the woman find the job appealing? 24.What had the woman been doing in Geneva? 25.What was the woman asked to do in the end? Section B Passage One One of the greatest heartbreaks for fire fighters occurs when they fail to rescue a child from a burning building because the child, frightened by smoke and noise, hides under a bed or in a closet and is later found dead.Saddest of all is when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster.To prevent such tragedies, fire fighter Eric Velez gives talks to children in his community, explaining that they should never hide during a fire.He displays fire fighters’ equipment, including the oxygen mask, which he encourages his listeners to play with and put on.“If you see us,” Velez tells them, “don’t hide!We are not monsters.We have come to rescue you.” Velez gives his presentations in English and Spanish.Growing up in San Francisco, he learnt Spanish from his immigrant parents.Velez and other fire fighters throughout North America, who give similar presentations, will never know how many lives they save through their talks.But it’s a fact that informative speaking saves lives.For example, several months after listening to an informative speech, Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food, by using the method taught by student speaker, Julie Paris.In addition to saving lives, informative speakers help people learn new skills, solve problems and acquire fascinating facts about the exciting world in which they live.Why do some children trapped in a burning building hide from masked fire fighters? What does the passage tell us about fire fighter Eric Velez? What do we learn about Pete Gentry? What message is the speaker trying to convey?

Passage Two Some people want to make and save a lot of money in order to retire early.I see people pursuing higher paying and increasingly demanding careers to accomplish this goal.They make many personal sacrifices in exchange for income today.The problem is that tomorrow might not come.Even if it all goes according to plan, will you know how to be happy when you are not working if you spend your entire life making money? More importantly, who will be around for you to share your leisure time with? At the other extreme are people who live only for today.Why bother saving when I might not be here tomorrow, they argue.The danger of this approach is that tomorrow may come after all.And most people don't want to spend all their tomorrows working for a living.The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older.You maybe surprise to hear me say that if you must pick an extreme I think it's better to pick the spend-all approach.As long as you don't mind continuing to work, assuming your health allows, you should be OK.At least, you are making use of your money, and hopefully deriving value and pleasure from it.Postponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake.It may never come.Retirement can be a great time for some people.For others, it is a time of boredom, loneliness and poor health.Why do some people pursue higher paying but demanding careers?

What is the danger facing people who live only for today?

What does the speaker seem to advocate?

Passage Three Imagine that someone in your neighborhood broke the law, and the judge put the whole neighborhood under suspicion.How fair will that be? Well, it happens everyday to high schoolers.Just because some students have stolen things in shops, all of us are treated like thieves.Even though I’d never steal.Store employees looked at me like I’m some kind of hardened criminal.For example, during one lunch period, my friend Denny and I went to the Graben Gore Restaurant to have a hot dog.We arrived to find a line of students waiting outside.A new sign in the window told the story.“No more than two students at a time”.After 15 minutes, we finally got in.But the store manger laid the evil eye on us.I asked him about the new sign, and he said, “You kids are stealing too much stuff.” You kids? Too much stuff? We were not only assumed to be thieves, but brilliant, greedy thieves.The most annoying thing though, is the way employees watched my friends and me.It’s horrible.Once, at a drug store, I was looking around and found a guy standing on a large box, stocking the shelves.He was watching my hands, more than he was watching his own.I showed him that my hands were empty.He got down off his box and rushed off, as if he was going to get the store manger.How crazy is that!

33.What does the speaker find to be unfair?

34.What measure did the Graben Gore Restaurant take to stop stealing?

35.What happened in a drug store that greatly annoyed the speaker

Section C Writing keeps us in touch with other people.We write to communicate with relatives and friends.We write to preserve our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and appreciate their heritage.With computers and Internet connections in so many households, colleges, and businesses, people are e-mailing friends and relatives all the time--or talking to them in writing in online chat rooms.It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more convenient than waiting until Sunday for the telephone rates to drop.Students are e-mailing their professors to receive and discuss their classroom assignments and to submit them.They are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate on homework.They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events, as well as jokes and their philosophies of life.Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will always be a place and need for the personal letter.A hand-written note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts.No matter what the content of the message, its real point is, “I want you to know that I care about you.” This writing practice brings rewards that can’t be seen in bank accounts, but only in the success of human relationships

l 11.A)The man should visit the museums.B)She can’t stand the hot weather.C)The beach resort is a good choice.D)She enjoys staying in Washington.答案：D 解析：Woman最后說到I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature.這表明了她待在這里很愉快，很享受待在華盛頓，故選D。

12.A)Her new responsibilities in the company.B)What her job prospects are.C)What the customers’ feedback is.D)The director’s opinion of her work.答案：D 解析：Woman說到but I wish the director would give me some feedback.這表明了她希望得到director的意見（即反饋），故選D。

13.A)Combine her training with dieting.B)Repeat the training every three days.C)Avoid excessive physical training.D)Include weightlifting in the program.答案：C 解析：Man以自己上次因運(yùn)動(dòng)（舉重）過量而受傷為例，建議女士應(yīng)該量力而行，避免過量運(yùn)動(dòng)，故選C。

14.A)When she will return home.B)Whether she can go by herself.C)Whether she can travel by air.D)Whether she will completely recover.答案：C 解析：Man開頭就說到I’m worried about her going on a plane.從中可知，他擔(dān)心的是年老的母親能不能乘飛機(jī)，故選C。

15.A)The woman knows how to deal with the police.B)The woman had been fined many times before.C)The woman had violated traffic regulations.D)The woman is good at finding excuses.答案：C 解析：警察開頭問到 Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? 通過這句話就可以知道女士沒有遵守交通規(guī)則，故選C。

16.A)Switch off the refrigerator for a while.B)Have someone repair the refrigerator.C)Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.D)Buy a refrigerator of better quality.答案：B 解析：Man說到 Maybe you should have it fixed，女士回答到Y(jié)ou’re right.這說明女士也同意男士的看法，但并未提到讓這個(gè)男士來修，故選B。

17.A)He owns a piece of land in the hometown area.B)He has got enough money to buy a house.C)He can finally do what he has dreamed of..D)He is moving into a bigger apartment.答案：C 解析：Man第二句話說到Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it.表明他能實(shí)現(xiàn)買地建房的理想了，故選C。

18.A)She is black and blue all over.B)She has to go to see a doctor.C)She stayed away from work for a few days.D)She got hurt in an accident yesterday.答案：D 解析：Woman說的第一句話是My hands still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.從中可知這位女士昨天在冰上滑倒受傷了，但是男士認(rèn)為傷勢(shì)并不嚴(yán)重，只建議她休養(yǎng)幾天就可以了，不必去看醫(yī)生。C是較強(qiáng)的干擾項(xiàng)，應(yīng)該是女士現(xiàn)在需要休息而不是過去已經(jīng)休息了幾天，故選D。

Section A長對(duì)話答案

19.What do we learn about the woman? 【答案】D She was a witness to the crime.【解析】文中男士需要女士描述一下?lián)尳巽y行的人（describe the man who robbed the bank）。選項(xiàng)中B提到了robbery，但是對(duì)話中沒有說明女士是受害者（victim）；D選項(xiàng)提到了她目擊了某個(gè)犯罪經(jīng)過，robbery顯然是crime的一種。

20.What did the suspect look like? 【答案】A A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.【解析】原文中提到The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A。

21.What did the man finally asked the woman to do? 【答案】A Identify the suspect from pictures.【解析】對(duì)話結(jié)尾處，男士要求女士look at some photographs，很顯然，他的目的是讓女士通過照片來辨別嫌疑人。因此選擇A。

22.How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy? 【答案】A By reading a newspaper ad.【解析】 job vacancy指空缺的職位。在對(duì)話一開始，女士就說到她的目的：I’m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.從這句話中可以看出她得知職位信息的來源是the paper last night，對(duì)應(yīng)A選項(xiàng)。

23.Why did the woman find the job appealing? 【答案】B She could work close to her family.【解析】本題關(guān)鍵詞是appealing，意為引起興趣的。女士提到她喜歡這份工作的原因是be near to the family.，close是near的同義替換詞，因此選擇B選項(xiàng)。

24.What had the woman been doing in Geneva? 【答案】C Working as a secretary.【解析】女士提到她在日內(nèi)瓦做了一些secretarial work，也就是選項(xiàng)C中的secretary。雖然她也提到之前在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，但是她取得的學(xué)位是a degree in English，而非選項(xiàng)D中的a degree in French.25.What was the woman asked to do in the end? 【答案】C Send in a written application as soon as possible.【解析】對(duì)話中女士希望得到面試機(jī)會(huì)，但是男士要求先要遞交書面申請(qǐng)（reply a writing to the advertisement），并不是所有人都能得到面試機(jī)會(huì)，因此選擇答案C。Section B第一篇答案 Why do some children trapped in a burning building hide from masked fire fighters? 【解析】D)They mistake the firefighters for monsters.細(xì)節(jié)題，從開始when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster一句中便可得出因?yàn)椴皇煜は廊藛T戴面具的形象，孩子們以為來救援的消防人員是怪獸，所以躲起來。所以選D。其他選項(xiàng)文中都沒有涉及到。What does the passage tell us about fire fighter Eric Velez? 【解析】B)He often teaches children what to do during a fire.本篇文章大篇幅講的是Eric Velez給社區(qū)里的孩子講解消防知識(shí)，讓他們熟悉消防人員及消防工具的過程。選項(xiàng)A，put out fire雖然是Eric Velez的工作，但是本文重點(diǎn)不是在其消防員救活這個(gè)工作上，C、D選項(xiàng)很容易就可以排除。所以選B。What do we learn about Pete Gentry? 【解析】A)He saved the life of his brother choking on food.細(xì)節(jié)題，從Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food一句便可得出答案，文章中關(guān)于Pete Gentry的主要信息就是他救了噎著食物的弟弟。所以選A。做題時(shí)一定要把人名及其所做的事準(zhǔn)確對(duì)應(yīng)起來。What message is the speaker trying to convey? 【解析】D)Informative speeches can save lives.主旨題，本文舉了一個(gè)大例子，一下小例子來證明教育性的演說有救人性命的好處。雖然在文章最后也列舉了下其他好處，但是主旨還是拯救生命。所以選D。其他幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)都主要講細(xì)節(jié)處，很容易就可以排除。

聽力答案及解析（SecB 第二篇）

聽力文章分析：

本篇聽力講述的是截然不同的兩種生活態(tài)度，一種是“make and save a lot of money in order to retire early”，另一種則是“l(fā)ive only for today”，作者在陳述兩種不同態(tài)度之后，針對(duì)兩種態(tài)度給出了自己的看法“it's better to pick the spend-all approach”。本篇聽力不是太難，沒有較難的詞匯，雖然有幾個(gè)需要注意的句式，如：“At the other extreme are people who live only for today.Why bother saving? ”等，但是通過上下文也是不難理解的，而且結(jié)構(gòu)也比較清楚，基本上可以分為三部分：兩種不同的態(tài)度和作者的觀點(diǎn)，所考察的三道題也上針對(duì)了這三個(gè)主要的點(diǎn)。由此可見，聽聽力的時(shí)候依然首先要從全文來把握，把握文章的要點(diǎn)，在把握要點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，有重點(diǎn)的去聽一些細(xì)節(jié)，如與要點(diǎn)相關(guān)的原因和后果，以及作者本人對(duì)這些事情的看法，遇到與此相關(guān)的信號(hào)詞或者關(guān)鍵詞時(shí)就一定要注意重點(diǎn)記憶。

答案及解析： C)To make money for early retirement.本題考察原因，問為什么人們喜歡比較苛求但收入較高的工作，其實(shí)聽力一開始就用in order to 給出了原因，即：retire early，所以選C項(xiàng)。

A)They may have to continue to work in old age.本題考察后果，問只為當(dāng)下而活的人面臨著什么危險(xiǎn)，從“The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older.”中可以看出A是正確選項(xiàng)，及在年老時(shí)有可能不得不繼續(xù)工作。

B)Enjoying yourself while you can.本課考察文章作者的態(tài)度，從 “Postponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake.”中可以看出，作者認(rèn)為想等到退休后再做自己想做的事情以及和自己喜歡的人在一起可能是一種錯(cuò)誤，所以選B，即趁著自己還可以的時(shí)候要懂得享受生活。

第二篇：2010俄語四級(jí)聽力真題與答案

2010年俄語四級(jí)考試聽力真題及答案

ЧАСТЬ 1 АУДИРОВАНИЕ

(20 баллов, 20 минут)А.Прослушайте следующие диалоги и подчеркните соответствующий содержанию прослушанного.1.(На вопрос1)

а.Анна.б.Антон.в.Андрей.2.(На вопрос2)

а.Раза два в неделю.б.Раза три в неделю.в.Один раз в неделю.3.(На вопрос3)

а.Андрей с Тамарой.б.Виктор с Верой.в.Вера с Андреем.4(На вопрос4)а.Коньки.б.Теннис.в.Плавание.5.(На вопрос5)а.Дождливую.б.Снежную.в.Замечательную.6.(На вопрос6)

а.В Сочи.б.В Мурманск.в.В Москву.7.(На вопрос7)а.Художник.б.Композитор.в.Архитектор.8.(На вопрос8)

а.Он хочет найти себе работу.б.Ему нужен один экскурсовод.в.Ему нужно изучать иностранный язык.9.(На вопрос9)

а.В кафе.б.В гостинице.в.На дороге в кафе.10.(На вопрос10)

а.В 1793 году.б.В 1739 году.ответ, в.В 1755 году.11.(На вопрос11)а.У Саши.б.У Нины.в.У Лены.12.(На вопрос12)

а.Книгу.б.Картину.в.Цветы.Б.Прослушайте следующие микротексты и соответствующий содержанию прослушанного.13.(На вопрос13)

а.Он не похож на древнюю Москву с её Кремлем.б.Он стоит на сорока двух островах.в.В нём вы не увидите старинных памятников.14.(На вопрос14)

а.В половине девятого.б.В половине восьмого.в.В половине десятого.15.(На вопрос15)

а.Смотреть фильм о любви.б.Читать книгу.в.Готовить на кухне.16.(На вопрос16)

а.За помощь школьнику.б.За отличную работу.в.За научную работу.17.(На вопрос17)

а.Он внимательный человек.б.Он умный человек.в.Он серьёзный человек.18.(На вопрос18)

а.Он будет отвечать на вопросы на телепередаче.б.Он будет смотреть игру по телевизору.в.Он будет готовить любимый торт.19.(На вопрос19)а.Минут за 35.б.Минут за 5.в.Минут за 15.20.(На вопрос20)

а.Он сам раздевается.б.Он помогает спутнице раздеться.в.Он снимает шапку.подчеркните ответ,

第三篇：2010年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力真題的試題與答案學(xué)習(xí)啊

學(xué)英語簡(jiǎn)單嗎？肯定會(huì)有許多學(xué)生說：“難死了”。

為什么有好多學(xué)生對(duì)英語的學(xué)習(xí)都感到頭疼呢？答案只有一個(gè)：“不得法?！?英語與漢語一樣都是一種語言，為什么你說漢語會(huì)如此流利？那是因?yàn)槟阒蒙碛谝粋€(gè)漢語環(huán)境中，如果你在倫敦呆上半年，保準(zhǔn)說起英語來會(huì)非常流利。但很多中學(xué)生沒有很好的英語環(huán)境，那么你可以自己設(shè)置一個(gè)英語環(huán)境，堅(jiān)持“多說”、“多聽”、“多讀”、“多寫”，那么你的英語成績肯定會(huì)很出色。

一、多“說”。

自己多創(chuàng)造機(jī)會(huì)與英語教師多講英語，見了同學(xué)，尤其是和好朋友在一起時(shí)盡量用英語去問候，談心情……這時(shí)候你需隨身攜帶一個(gè)英漢互譯小詞典，遇到生詞時(shí)查一下這些生詞，也不用刻意去記，用的多了，這個(gè)單詞自然而然就會(huì)記住。千萬別把學(xué)英語當(dāng)成負(fù)擔(dān)，始終把它當(dāng)成一件有趣的事情去做。

或許你有機(jī)會(huì)碰上外國人，你應(yīng)大膽地上去跟他打招呼，和他談天氣、談風(fēng)景、談學(xué)校……只是別問及他的年紀(jì)，婚史等私人問題。盡量用一些你學(xué)過的詞匯，句子去和他談天說地。不久你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)與老外聊天要比你與中國人談?dòng)⒄Z容易的多。因?yàn)樗湍憬徽剷r(shí)會(huì)用許多簡(jiǎn)單詞匯，而且不太看重說法，你只要發(fā)音準(zhǔn)確，準(zhǔn)能順利地交流下去。只是你必須要有信心，敢于表達(dá)自己的思想。

如果沒有合適的伙伴也沒關(guān)系，你可以拿過一本書或其它什么東西做假想對(duì)象，對(duì)它談你一天的所見所聞，談你的快樂，你的悲傷等等，長此堅(jiān)持下去你的口語肯定會(huì)有較大的提高。

二、多“聽”

尋找一切可以聽英語的機(jī)會(huì)。別人用英語交談時(shí)，你應(yīng)該大膽地去參與，多聽聽各種各樣人的發(fā)音，男女老少，節(jié)奏快的慢的你都應(yīng)該接觸到，如果這樣的機(jī)會(huì)少的話，你可以選擇你不知內(nèi)容的文章去聽，這將會(huì)對(duì)你幫助很大，而你去聽學(xué)過的課文的磁帶，那將會(huì)對(duì)你的語言語調(diào)的學(xué)習(xí)有很大的幫助。

三、多“讀”。

“讀”可以分為兩種。一種是“默讀”。每天給予一定時(shí)間的練習(xí)將會(huì)對(duì)你提高閱讀速度有很大的好處，讀的內(nèi)容可以是你的課本，但最好是一些有趣的小讀物，因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在的英語高考越來越重視閱讀量和閱讀速度。每道題的得分都與你的理解程度有很大關(guān)系，所以經(jīng)過高中三年閱讀的訓(xùn)練后，你必定會(huì)在高考中勝券在握。另一種是“朗讀”這是學(xué)語言必不可少的一種學(xué)習(xí)途徑。

四、多“寫”

有的同學(xué)總是抱怨時(shí)間緊，根本沒時(shí)間寫作文。其實(shí)“寫”的形式很多，不一定就寫作文才提高寫作能力。比如寫下你一天中發(fā)生的一些重要的事情，或當(dāng)天學(xué)了某一個(gè)詞組，你可以創(chuàng)設(shè)一個(gè)語境恰如其份地用上這個(gè)詞。這樣即可幫你記住這個(gè)詞的用法，又可以鍛煉你的寫作能力，比如學(xué)“wish”一詞時(shí)，可寫一小段如下：

The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,I'm different.I wish I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.只幾句話：但wish的幾種用法已躍然紙上，這樣寫下來印象會(huì)深刻得多，這樣比死記硬背wish的用法也有趣輕松的多。

學(xué)習(xí)英語不用花大塊的時(shí)間，10分鐘的散步可以練“說”,吃完飯后可以讀一會(huì)兒英語小說，睡前聽?zhēng)追昼娪⒄Z，可以使你得到更好地休息……只要你每天抽出一些時(shí)間來練英語，你的英語成績肯定會(huì)很快提高的。

背英語單詞技巧

1、循環(huán)記憶法

艾賓浩斯遺忘曲線

人的大腦是一個(gè)記憶的寶庫，人腦經(jīng)歷過的事物，思考過的問題，體驗(yàn)過的情感和情緒，練習(xí)過的動(dòng)作，都可以成為人們記憶的內(nèi)容。例如英文的學(xué)習(xí)中單詞、短語和句子，甚至文章的內(nèi)容都是通過記憶完成的。從“記”到“憶”是有個(gè)過程的，這其中包括了識(shí)記、保持、再認(rèn)和回憶。有很多 人在學(xué)習(xí)英語的過程中，只注重了學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)時(shí)的記憶效果，孰不知，要想做好學(xué)習(xí)的記憶工作，是要下一番工夫的，單純的注重當(dāng)時(shí)的記憶效果，而忽視了后期的保持和再認(rèn)同樣是達(dá)不到良好的效果的。

在信息的處理上，記憶是對(duì)輸入信息的編碼、貯存和提取的過程，從信息處理的角度上，英文的第一次學(xué)習(xí)和背誦只是一個(gè)輸入編碼的過程。人的記憶的能力從生理上講是十分驚人的，它可以存貯1015比特(byte，字節(jié))的信息，可是每個(gè)人的記憶寶庫被挖掘的只占10%，還有更多的記憶發(fā)揮空間。這是因?yàn)?，有些人只關(guān)注了記憶的當(dāng)時(shí)效果，卻忽視了記憶中的更大的問題--即記憶的牢固度問題，那就牽涉到心理學(xué)中常說的關(guān)于記憶遺忘的規(guī)律。

一、艾賓浩斯記憶規(guī)律曲線解釋

德國有一位著名的心理學(xué)家名叫艾賓浩斯(Hermann Ebbinghaus，1850-1909)，他在1885年發(fā)表了他的實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告后，記憶研究就成了心理學(xué)中被研究最多的領(lǐng)域之一，而艾賓浩斯正是發(fā)現(xiàn)記憶遺忘規(guī)律的第一人。

根據(jù)我們所知道的，記憶的保持在時(shí)間上是不同的，有短時(shí)的記憶和長時(shí)的記憶兩種。而我們平時(shí)的記憶的過程是這樣的：

輸入的信息在經(jīng)過人的注意過程的學(xué)習(xí)后，便成為了人的短時(shí)的記憶，但是如果不經(jīng)過及時(shí)的復(fù)習(xí)，這些記住過的東西就會(huì)遺忘，而經(jīng)過了及時(shí)的復(fù)習(xí)，這些短時(shí)的記憶就會(huì)成為了人的一種長時(shí)的記憶，從而在大腦中保持著很長的時(shí)間。那么，對(duì)于我們來講，怎樣才叫做遺忘呢，所謂遺忘就是我們對(duì)于曾經(jīng)記憶過的東西不能再認(rèn)起來，也不能回憶起來，或者是錯(cuò)誤的再認(rèn)和錯(cuò)誤的回憶，這些都是遺忘。艾賓浩斯在做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)的時(shí)候是拿自己作為測(cè)試對(duì)象的，他得出了一些關(guān)于記憶的結(jié)論。他選用了一些根本沒有意義的音節(jié)，也就是那些不能拼出單詞來的眾多字母的組合，比如asww，cfhhj，ijikmb，rfyjbc等等。他經(jīng)過對(duì)自己的測(cè)試，得到了一些數(shù)據(jù)。

然后，艾賓浩斯又根據(jù)了這些點(diǎn)描繪出了一條曲線，這就是非常有名的揭示遺忘規(guī)律的曲線：艾賓浩斯遺忘曲線，圖中豎軸表示學(xué)習(xí)中記住的知識(shí)數(shù)量，橫軸表示時(shí)間(天數(shù))，曲線表示記憶量變化的規(guī)律。

這條曲線告訴人們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)中的遺忘是有規(guī)律的，遺忘的進(jìn)程不是均衡的，不是固定的一天丟掉幾個(gè)，轉(zhuǎn)天又丟幾個(gè)的，而是在記憶的最初階段遺忘的速度很快，后來就逐漸減慢了，到了相當(dāng)長的時(shí)候后，幾乎就不再遺忘了，這就是遺忘的發(fā)展規(guī)律，即“先快后慢”的原則。觀察這條遺忘曲線，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),學(xué)得的知識(shí)在一天后，如不抓緊復(fù)習(xí),就只剩下原來的25%)。隨著時(shí)間的推移,遺忘的速度減慢，遺忘的數(shù)量也就減少。有人做過一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，兩組學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)一段課文，甲組在學(xué)習(xí)后不久進(jìn)行一次復(fù)習(xí)，乙組不予復(fù)習(xí)，一天后甲組保持98%，乙組保持56%；一周后甲組保持83%，乙組保持33%。乙組的遺忘平均值比甲組高。

二、不同性質(zhì)材料有不同的遺忘曲線

而且，艾賓浩斯還在關(guān)于記憶的實(shí)驗(yàn)中發(fā)現(xiàn)，記住12個(gè)無意義音節(jié)，平均需要重復(fù)16.5次；為了記住36個(gè)無意義章節(jié)，需重復(fù)54次；而記憶六首詩中的480個(gè)音節(jié)，平均只需要重復(fù)8次！這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)告訴我們，凡是理解了的知識(shí)，就能記得迅速、全面而牢固。不然，愣是死記硬背，那也是費(fèi)力不討好的。因此，比較容易記憶的是那些有意義的材料，而那些無意義的材料在記憶的時(shí)候比較費(fèi)力氣，在以后回憶起來的時(shí)候也很不輕松。因此，艾賓浩斯遺忘曲線是關(guān)于遺忘的一種曲線，而且是對(duì)無意義的音節(jié)而言，對(duì)于與其他材料的對(duì)比，艾賓浩斯又得出了不同性質(zhì)材料的不同遺忘曲線，不過他們大體上都是一致的。

因此，艾賓浩斯的實(shí)驗(yàn)向我們充分證實(shí)了一個(gè)道理，學(xué)習(xí)要勤于復(fù)習(xí)，而且記憶的理解效果越好，遺忘的也越慢。

三、不同的人有不同的艾賓浩斯記憶曲線--個(gè)性化的艾賓浩斯

上述的艾賓浩斯記憶曲線是艾賓浩斯在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中經(jīng)過了大量測(cè)試后，產(chǎn)生了不同的記憶數(shù)據(jù)，從而生成的一種曲線，是一個(gè)具有共性的群體規(guī)律。此記憶曲線并不考慮接受試驗(yàn)個(gè)人的個(gè)性特點(diǎn)，而是尋求一種處于平衡點(diǎn)的記憶規(guī)律。

但是記憶規(guī)律可以具體到我們每個(gè)人，因?yàn)槲覀兊纳硖攸c(diǎn)、生活經(jīng)歷不同，可能導(dǎo)致我們有不同的記憶習(xí)慣、記憶方式、記憶特點(diǎn)。規(guī)律對(duì)于自然人改造世界的行為，只能起一個(gè)催化的作用，如果與每個(gè)人的記憶特點(diǎn)相吻合，那么就如順?biāo)畵P(yáng)帆，一日千里；如果與個(gè)人記憶特點(diǎn)相悖，記憶效果則會(huì)大打折扣。因此，我們要根據(jù)每個(gè)人的不同特點(diǎn)，尋找到屬于自己的艾賓浩斯記憶曲線

2》如何學(xué)英語

下定決心，堅(jiān)持不懈

英語學(xué)習(xí)作為一門語言技能，通過大量的訓(xùn)練和練習(xí)任何人是可以掌握的。一般地說，英語學(xué)習(xí)的原則是聽、說領(lǐng)先，讀、寫跟上。李揚(yáng)的瘋狂英語提倡，首先建立起我能學(xué)好英語的信心，然后以句子為單位，大量地模仿，瘋狂地操練，大聲地朗讀，最后達(dá)到自如地說英語，他的方法對(duì)提高說英語的能力很奏效。鐘道隆教授45歲開始學(xué)英語，一年后，學(xué)成出國當(dāng)口語翻譯，并創(chuàng)造了逆苦惱、逆急于求成、逆速成的逆向?qū)W習(xí)英語的方法。他還提出學(xué)習(xí)英語要遵循聽、寫、說、背、想的方法，他的方法強(qiáng)調(diào)以聽為主，并且把所聽到的內(nèi)容全部寫下來。尤其是他的學(xué)習(xí)精神最可佳，他學(xué)習(xí)英語用壞了十幾臺(tái)錄音機(jī)，你可想象他聽了多少英語；用完的圓珠筆芯幾乎裝滿了一個(gè)一拉罐，你可想象他寫了多少，在一年半內(nèi)，累計(jì)業(yè)余學(xué)習(xí)英語時(shí)間大約三千小時(shí)，也就說每天抽出幾個(gè)小時(shí)來學(xué)英語。如果我們做到他那樣，一定也能學(xué)好英語。最重要的是堅(jiān)持，只要能下定決心，堅(jiān)持每天至少一個(gè)小時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)英語，戰(zhàn)勝自我最后肯定會(huì)有收獲的。

注意方法，循序漸進(jìn) 決心下定，還注意學(xué)習(xí)方法，有時(shí)根據(jù)自己的情況和不同的學(xué)習(xí)目的，選擇不同的學(xué)習(xí)方法，但是學(xué)習(xí)英語一定要踏踏實(shí)實(shí)地、一步一個(gè)腳印地走。要把基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)掌握好，也就是說，發(fā)音要正確、基本詞匯要掌握牢、基本句式要熟練、基本語法要會(huì)用。

（1）要過好語音關(guān)。把每一個(gè)音標(biāo)發(fā)正確，注意改正有問題的音素，特別是那些容易混淆的音素，盡早地掌握國際音標(biāo)，并盡量的掌握一些讀音規(guī)則，盡快地能利用讀音規(guī)則來拼單詞，掌握讀音規(guī)則對(duì)單詞的記憶和拼寫非常有用。

（2）掌握一定數(shù)量的英語單詞。對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)者來說掌握英語詞匯是一難關(guān)，學(xué)習(xí)單詞要從單詞的形、音、義這三方面去掌握，要注意單詞的一詞多義，一詞多類的用法，要學(xué)會(huì)一些構(gòu)詞法的知識(shí)，來擴(kuò)展詞匯量。學(xué)習(xí)單詞要在語言材料中去學(xué)，要結(jié)合詞組，通過句子，閱讀文章來活記單詞，死記的單詞是記不牢的。堅(jiān)持在讀、說前，先反復(fù)聽，聽的時(shí)候反應(yīng)單詞、句子的意思和節(jié)奏，想一下單詞的拼法、句子結(jié)構(gòu)。并要同學(xué)習(xí)語法規(guī)則有機(jī)結(jié)合起來進(jìn)行。

（3）掌握好基本語法。語法在學(xué)習(xí)英語中也很重要，它能幫助我們把握住英語的基本規(guī)律，通過例句或語言現(xiàn)象把死的語法規(guī)則要記住，活的規(guī)則要通過做大量的練習(xí)掌握?？傊畬W(xué)習(xí)英語要通過聽、說、讀、寫、譯來進(jìn)行操練，不但要注意數(shù)量，更重要的是要注意質(zhì)量，尤其是基本知識(shí)要掌握的準(zhǔn)確，熟練。只有經(jīng)過大量的實(shí)踐，才能做到熟能生巧，運(yùn)用自如。

提前預(yù)習(xí)，有的放矢

作為學(xué)生，在每次上課前，都要對(duì)要學(xué)的課文提前預(yù)習(xí)。首先在音標(biāo)的幫助下試著拼讀單詞，也可以借助配套磁帶反復(fù)聽，對(duì)比一下，把握不準(zhǔn)的要標(biāo)出來，注意上課老師的發(fā)音，還要記一下單詞的漢語意思和詞性。借助課文的注釋或輔導(dǎo)材料，預(yù)習(xí)一遍課文，找出不明白的地方，做到心中有數(shù)，在教師講課時(shí)注意聽這些地方。總之，預(yù)習(xí)的目的是熟悉要學(xué)的內(nèi)容，找出不明白的地方，帶著問題聽課，做到有的放矢。

認(rèn)真聽課，積極配合

課堂是老師與學(xué)生一起學(xué)習(xí)、掌握、運(yùn)用知識(shí)的主要場(chǎng)所。作為起主導(dǎo)作用的老師一方引導(dǎo)學(xué)生搞好課堂教學(xué)是很必要的，但也需要學(xué)習(xí)者的積極配合。上課要專心聽講、作好筆記、認(rèn)真操練、積極思考。預(yù)習(xí)時(shí)出現(xiàn)的問題在課堂上教師沒有講到的，要向老師提出，把問題搞清楚，老師講授的問題，先注意聽，下課后整理一下筆記，反復(fù)思考一下這些問題，抓住老師所講的重點(diǎn)，難點(diǎn)和考點(diǎn)?？傊?，上課時(shí)要做到耳聽、眼觀、嘴動(dòng)、腦想，調(diào)動(dòng)起多個(gè)感官來。

完成作業(yè)，找出問題

學(xué)完每一課，要認(rèn)真完成課后作業(yè)。做作業(yè)時(shí)一定不要看參考書上題的答案，做完后再對(duì)答案，對(duì)于作業(yè)中所出現(xiàn)的不明白的問題，應(yīng)該記下來，等下次上課時(shí)提出來。做作業(yè)是英語學(xué)習(xí)的很重要的環(huán)節(jié)，它是消化知識(shí)和鞏固知識(shí)的過程，一定要認(rèn)真完成規(guī)定的作業(yè)，筆頭作業(yè)要?jiǎng)右粍?dòng)筆，口頭作業(yè)要?jiǎng)右粍?dòng)嘴，提高聽力要練一練耳，課文在聽和讀的基礎(chǔ)上，最好背誦某些精彩段落?？傊龃罅康木毩?xí)，英語是練出來的，一定不要偷懶。

及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)，鞏固知識(shí)

學(xué)會(huì)了的東西隨著時(shí)間的流逝會(huì)逐漸遺忘，但學(xué)語言有遺忘現(xiàn)象是正常的。更不必因?yàn)橛羞z忘現(xiàn)象而影響自己學(xué)好英語的信心與決心。問題在于怎樣來減輕遺忘的程度。善于類比，總結(jié)知識(shí)，把新學(xué)的知識(shí)同過去學(xué)的有關(guān)的知識(shí)進(jìn)行橫向和縱向比較和聯(lián)系。建立錯(cuò)誤檔案記錄，加深印象，以避免再反同樣錯(cuò)誤。我們大部分知識(shí)和技能是靠重復(fù)獲得的，及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)對(duì)于記憶非常必要，學(xué)英語就是要堅(jiān)持天天不斷的練，不斷地重復(fù)基本句型，常用詞匯和基本語法等。學(xué)習(xí)英語的過程也是同遺忘做斗爭(zhēng)的過程。

總而言之，只要你能做到下定決心學(xué)，注意學(xué)習(xí)方法，把課前預(yù)習(xí)，認(rèn)真聽課，完成作業(yè)，及時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)這些環(huán)節(jié)作好了，你一定能夠?qū)W好英語

2010年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力真題的試題與答案, Section A 短對(duì)話(11~18)

11.M: Oh my god!The heat is simply unbearable here.I wish we’ve gone to the beach instead.W: Well, with the museums and restaurants in Washington I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature.Q：What does the woman mean? 12.M: How’s the new job going?

W: Well, I’m learning a lot of new things, but I wish the director would give me some feedback.Q：What does the woman want to know? 13.M: Can you help me work out a physical training program John? W: Sure, but whatever you do be careful not to overdo it.Last time I had two weeks’ worth of weight-lifting in three days and I hurt myself.Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 14.M: I have an elderly mother and I’m worried about her going on a plane.Is there any risk? W: Not if her heart is all right.If she has a heart condition, I’d recommend against it.Q: What does the man want to know about his mother? 15.M: Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? W: Sorry, I was just a bit absent-minded.Anyway, do I have to pay a fine? Q: what do we learn from the conversation? 16.M: I’m no expert, but that noise in your refrigerator doesn’t sound right.Maybe you should have it fixed.W: You’re right.And I suppose I’ve put it off long enough.Q: What will the woman probably do? 17.M: I did extremely well on the sale of my downtown apartment.Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it.W: Congratulations！Does that mean you’ll be moving soon? Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation? 18.W: My hand still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.I wonder if I broke something.M: I’m no doctor, but it’s not black and blue or anything.Maybe you just need to rest it for a few days.Q: what do we learn about the woman from the conversation?

長對(duì)話（19~21）

M: Mrs.Dawson, thanks very much for coming down to the station.I just like to go over some of the things that you told police officer Parmer at the bank.W: All right.M: Well, could you describe the man who robbed the bank for this report that we’re filling out here? Now, anything at all that you can remember would be extremely helpful to us.W: Well, just, I can only remember basically what I said before.M: That’s all right.W: The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.M: Very good.All right, did he have any other distinguishing marks? W: Um, no, none that I can remember.M: Do you remember how old he was by any chance? W: Well, I guess around 30, maybe younger, give or take a few years.M: Mm, all right.Do you remember anything about what he was wearing? W: Yes, yes, he had on a dark sweater, a solid color.M: OK.Um, anything else that strikes you at the moment? W: I remember he was wearing a light shirt under the sweater.Yes, yes.M: All right.Mrs.Dawson, I really appreciate what you’ve been through today.I’m just going to ask you to look at some photographs before you leave if you don’t mind.It won’t take very long.Can you do that for me? W: Oh, of course.M: Would you like to step this way with me, please? W: OK, sure.M: Thank you.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.What do we learn about the woman? 20.What did the suspect look like? 21.What did the man finally asked the woman to do?

長對(duì)話（22~25）

W: Good morning, I’m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.M: Well, could you tell me your name? W: Candider Forsett.M: Oh yes.What exactly is it that interests you about the job? W: Well, I thought it was just right for me.M: Really? Um… Could you tell me a little about yourself? W: Yes.I’m 23.I’ve been working abroad.M: Where exactly have you been working? W: In Geneva.M: Oh, Geneva.And what were you doing there? W: Secretarial work.Previous to that, I was at university.M: Which university was that? W: The University of Manchester.I’ve got a degree in English.M: You said you’ve been working in Geneva.Do you have any special reason for wanting to come back? W: I thought it would be nice to be near to the family.M: I see, and how do you see yourself developing in this job? W: Well, I’m ambitious.I do hope that my career as a secretary will lead me eventually into management.M: I see.You have foreign languages? W: French and Italian.M: Well, I think the best thing for you to do is do reply a writing to the advertisement.W: Can’t I arrange for an interview now?

M: Well, I’m afraid we must wait until all the applications are in, in writing, and we’ll then decide on the short list.If you are on the short list, of course we should see you.W: Oh, I see.M: I look forward to receiving your application in writing in a day or two.W: Oh, yes, yes, certainly.M: Ok, thank you very much.Goodbye.W: Thank you.Goodbye.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy? 23.Why did the woman find the job appealing? 24.What had the woman been doing in Geneva? 25.What was the woman asked to do in the end? Section B Passage One One of the greatest heartbreaks for fire fighters occurs when they fail to rescue a child from a burning building because the child, frightened by smoke and noise, hides under a bed or in a closet and is later found dead.Saddest of all is when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster.To prevent such tragedies, fire fighter Eric Velez gives talks to children in his community, explaining that they should never hide during a fire.He displays fire fighters’ equipment, including the oxygen mask, which he encourages his listeners to play with and put on.“If you see us,” Velez tells them, “don’t hide!We are not monsters.We have come to rescue you.” Velez gives his presentations in English and Spanish.Growing up in San Francisco, he learnt Spanish from his immigrant parents.Velez and other fire fighters throughout North America, who give similar presentations, will never know how many lives they save through their talks.But it’s a fact that informative speaking saves lives.For example, several months after listening to an informative speech, Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food, by using the method taught by student speaker, Julie Paris.In addition to saving lives, informative speakers help people learn new skills, solve problems and acquire fascinating facts about the exciting world in which they live.Why do some children trapped in a burning building hide from masked fire fighters? What does the passage tell us about fire fighter Eric Velez? What do we learn about Pete Gentry? What message is the speaker trying to convey?

Passage Two Some people want to make and save a lot of money in order to retire early.I see people pursuing higher paying and increasingly demanding careers to accomplish this goal.They make many personal sacrifices in exchange for income today.The problem is that tomorrow might not come.Even if it all goes according to plan, will you know how to be happy when you are not working if you spend your entire life making money? More importantly, who will be around for you to share your leisure time with? At the other extreme are people who live only for today.Why bother saving when I might not be here tomorrow, they argue.The danger of this approach is that tomorrow may come after all.And most people don't want to spend all their tomorrows working for a living.The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older.You maybe surprise to hear me say that if you must pick an extreme I think it's better to pick the spend-all approach.As long as you don't mind continuing to work, assuming your health allows, you should be OK.At least, you are making use of your money, and hopefully deriving value and pleasure from it.Postponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake.It may never come.Retirement can be a great time for some people.For others, it is a time of boredom, loneliness and poor health.Why do some people pursue higher paying but demanding careers?

What is the danger facing people who live only for today?

What does the speaker seem to advocate?

Passage Three Imagine that someone in your neighborhood broke the law, and the judge put the whole neighborhood under suspicion.How fair will that be? Well, it happens everyday to high schoolers.Just because some students have stolen things in shops, all of us are treated like thieves.Even though I’d never steal.Store employees looked at me like I’m some kind of hardened criminal.For example, during one lunch period, my friend Denny and I went to the Graben Gore Restaurant to have a hot dog.We arrived to find a line of students waiting outside.A new sign in the window told the story.“No more than two students at a time”.After 15 minutes, we finally got in.But the store manger laid the evil eye on us.I asked him about the new sign, and he said, “You kids are stealing too much stuff.” You kids? Too much stuff? We were not only assumed to be thieves, but brilliant, greedy thieves.The most annoying thing though, is the way employees watched my friends and me.It’s horrible.Once, at a drug store, I was looking around and found a guy standing on a large box, stocking the shelves.He was watching my hands, more than he was watching his own.I showed him that my hands were empty.He got down off his box and rushed off, as if he was going to get the store manger.How crazy is that!

33.What does the speaker find to be unfair?

34.What measure did the Graben Gore Restaurant take to stop stealing?

35.What happened in a drug store that greatly annoyed the speaker

Section C Writing keeps us in touch with other people.We write to communicate with relatives and friends.We write to preserve our family histories so our children and grandchildren can learn and appreciate their heritage.With computers and Internet connections in so many households, colleges, and businesses, people are e-mailing friends and relatives all the time--or talking to them in writing in online chat rooms.It is cheaper than calling long distance, and a lot more convenient than waiting until Sunday for the telephone rates to drop.Students are e-mailing their professors to receive and discuss their classroom assignments and to submit them.They are e-mailing classmates to discuss and collaborate on homework.They are also sharing information about concerts and sports events, as well as jokes and their philosophies of life.Despite the growing importance of computers, however, there will always be a place and need for the personal letter.A hand-written note to a friend or a family member is the best way to communicate important thoughts.No matter what the content of the message, its real point is, “I want you to know that I care about you.” This writing practice brings rewards that can’t be seen in bank accounts, but only in the success of human relationships

l 11.A)The man should visit the museums.B)She can’t stand the hot weather.C)The beach resort is a good choice.D)She enjoys staying in Washington.答案：D 解析：Woman最后說到I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature.這表明了她待在這里很愉快，很享受待在華盛頓，故選D。

12.A)Her new responsibilities in the company.B)What her job prospects are.C)What the customers’ feedback is.D)The director’s opinion of her work.答案：D 解析：Woman說到but I wish the director would give me some feedback.這表明了她希望得到director的意見（即反饋），故選D。

13.A)Combine her training with dieting.B)Repeat the training every three days.C)Avoid excessive physical training.D)Include weightlifting in the program.答案：C 解析：Man以自己上次因運(yùn)動(dòng)（舉重）過量而受傷為例，建議女士應(yīng)該量力而行，避免過量運(yùn)動(dòng)，故選C。

14.A)When she will return home.B)Whether she can go by herself.C)Whether she can travel by air.D)Whether she will completely recover.答案：C 解析：Man開頭就說到I’m worried about her going on a plane.從中可知，他擔(dān)心的是年老的母親能不能乘飛機(jī)，故選C。

15.A)The woman knows how to deal with the police.B)The woman had been fined many times before.C)The woman had violated traffic regulations.D)The woman is good at finding excuses.答案：C 解析：警察開頭問到 Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? 通過這句話就可以知道女士沒有遵守交通規(guī)則，故選C。

16.A)Switch off the refrigerator for a while.B)Have someone repair the refrigerator.C)Ask the man to fix the refrigerator.D)Buy a refrigerator of better quality.答案：B 解析：Man說到 Maybe you should have it fixed，女士回答到Y(jié)ou’re right.這說明女士也同意男士的看法，但并未提到讓這個(gè)男士來修，故選B。

17.A)He owns a piece of land in the hometown area.B)He has got enough money to buy a house.C)He can finally do what he has dreamed of..D)He is moving into a bigger apartment.答案：C 解析：Man第二句話說到Now, I have enough money to buy that piece of land I’ve had my eye on and build a house on it.表明他能實(shí)現(xiàn)買地建房的理想了，故選C。

18.A)She is black and blue all over.B)She has to go to see a doctor.C)She stayed away from work for a few days.D)She got hurt in an accident yesterday.答案：D 解析：Woman說的第一句話是My hands still hurts from the fall on the ice yesterday.從中可知這位女士昨天在冰上滑倒受傷了，但是男士認(rèn)為傷勢(shì)并不嚴(yán)重，只建議她休養(yǎng)幾天就可以了，不必去看醫(yī)生。C是較強(qiáng)的干擾項(xiàng)，應(yīng)該是女士現(xiàn)在需要休息而不是過去已經(jīng)休息了幾天，故選D。

Section A長對(duì)話答案

19.What do we learn about the woman? 【答案】D She was a witness to the crime.【解析】文中男士需要女士描述一下?lián)尳巽y行的人（describe the man who robbed the bank）。選項(xiàng)中B提到了robbery，但是對(duì)話中沒有說明女士是受害者（victim）；D選項(xiàng)提到了她目擊了某個(gè)犯罪經(jīng)過，robbery顯然是crime的一種。

20.What did the suspect look like? 【答案】A A tall man with dark hair and a moustache.【解析】原文中提到The man was tall, six foot, and he had dark hair, and he had moustache.，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)A。

21.What did the man finally asked the woman to do? 【答案】A Identify the suspect from pictures.【解析】對(duì)話結(jié)尾處，男士要求女士look at some photographs，很顯然，他的目的是讓女士通過照片來辨別嫌疑人。因此選擇A。

22.How did the woman get to know about the job vacancy? 【答案】A By reading a newspaper ad.【解析】 job vacancy指空缺的職位。在對(duì)話一開始，女士就說到她的目的：I’m calling about the job that was in the paper last night.從這句話中可以看出她得知職位信息的來源是the paper last night，對(duì)應(yīng)A選項(xiàng)。

23.Why did the woman find the job appealing? 【答案】B She could work close to her family.【解析】本題關(guān)鍵詞是appealing，意為引起興趣的。女士提到她喜歡這份工作的原因是be near to the family.，close是near的同義替換詞，因此選擇B選項(xiàng)。

24.What had the woman been doing in Geneva? 【答案】C Working as a secretary.【解析】女士提到她在日內(nèi)瓦做了一些secretarial work，也就是選項(xiàng)C中的secretary。雖然她也提到之前在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)，但是她取得的學(xué)位是a degree in English，而非選項(xiàng)D中的a degree in French.25.What was the woman asked to do in the end? 【答案】C Send in a written application as soon as possible.【解析】對(duì)話中女士希望得到面試機(jī)會(huì)，但是男士要求先要遞交書面申請(qǐng)（reply a writing to the advertisement），并不是所有人都能得到面試機(jī)會(huì)，因此選擇答案C。Section B第一篇答案 Why do some children trapped in a burning building hide from masked fire fighters? 【解析】D)They mistake the firefighters for monsters.細(xì)節(jié)題，從開始when children catch a glimpse of the masked fire fighter but hide because they think they have seen a monster一句中便可得出因?yàn)椴皇煜は廊藛T戴面具的形象，孩子們以為來救援的消防人員是怪獸，所以躲起來。所以選D。其他選項(xiàng)文中都沒有涉及到。What does the passage tell us about fire fighter Eric Velez? 【解析】B)He often teaches children what to do during a fire.本篇文章大篇幅講的是Eric Velez給社區(qū)里的孩子講解消防知識(shí)，讓他們熟悉消防人員及消防工具的過程。選項(xiàng)A，put out fire雖然是Eric Velez的工作，但是本文重點(diǎn)不是在其消防員救活這個(gè)工作上，C、D選項(xiàng)很容易就可以排除。所以選B。What do we learn about Pete Gentry? 【解析】A)He saved the life of his brother choking on food.細(xì)節(jié)題，從Pete Gentry in North Carolina rescued his brother who is choking on food一句便可得出答案，文章中關(guān)于Pete Gentry的主要信息就是他救了噎著食物的弟弟。所以選A。做題時(shí)一定要把人名及其所做的事準(zhǔn)確對(duì)應(yīng)起來。What message is the speaker trying to convey? 【解析】D)Informative speeches can save lives.主旨題，本文舉了一個(gè)大例子，一下小例子來證明教育性的演說有救人性命的好處。雖然在文章最后也列舉了下其他好處，但是主旨還是拯救生命。所以選D。其他幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)都主要講細(xì)節(jié)處，很容易就可以排除。

聽力答案及解析（SecB 第二篇）

聽力文章分析：

本篇聽力講述的是截然不同的兩種生活態(tài)度，一種是“make and save a lot of money in order to retire early”，另一種則是“l(fā)ive only for today”，作者在陳述兩種不同態(tài)度之后，針對(duì)兩種態(tài)度給出了自己的看法“it's better to pick the spend-all approach”。本篇聽力不是太難，沒有較難的詞匯，雖然有幾個(gè)需要注意的句式，如：“At the other extreme are people who live only for today.Why bother saving? ”等，但是通過上下文也是不難理解的，而且結(jié)構(gòu)也比較清楚，基本上可以分為三部分：兩種不同的態(tài)度和作者的觀點(diǎn)，所考察的三道題也上針對(duì)了這三個(gè)主要的點(diǎn)。由此可見，聽聽力的時(shí)候依然首先要從全文來把握，把握文章的要點(diǎn)，在把握要點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，有重點(diǎn)的去聽一些細(xì)節(jié)，如與要點(diǎn)相關(guān)的原因和后果，以及作者本人對(duì)這些事情的看法，遇到與此相關(guān)的信號(hào)詞或者關(guān)鍵詞時(shí)就一定要注意重點(diǎn)記憶。

答案及解析： C)To make money for early retirement.本題考察原因，問為什么人們喜歡比較苛求但收入較高的工作，其實(shí)聽力一開始就用in order to 給出了原因，即：retire early，所以選C項(xiàng)。

A)They may have to continue to work in old age.本題考察后果，問只為當(dāng)下而活的人面臨著什么危險(xiǎn)，從“The earlier neglect of saving, however, makes it difficult not to work when you are older.”中可以看出A是正確選項(xiàng)，及在年老時(shí)有可能不得不繼續(xù)工作。

B)Enjoying yourself while you can.本課考察文章作者的態(tài)度，從 “Postponing doing what you love and being with people you love until retirement can be a mistake.”中可以看出，作者認(rèn)為想等到退休后再做自己想做的事情以及和自己喜歡的人在一起可能是一種錯(cuò)誤，所以選B，即趁著自己還可以的時(shí)候要懂得享受生活。

沒事就用這些詞練練你的嘴皮子~~

●說吧，你是想死呢還是不想活了？ ●好久沒有人把牛皮吹的這么清新脫俗了！

●你給我滾，馬不停蹄的滾……

●人人都說我丑，其實(shí)我只是美得不明顯。

●無理取鬧,必有所圖！

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●天被熬亮了。

●不是路不平，而是你不行。

●惡心媽媽抱著惡心哭得很傷心，為什么呢？因?yàn)閻盒乃懒恕?/p>

●要不是打不過你，我早就和你翻臉了。●我這心碎得，捧出來跟餃子餡似的。

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●沒人牽手，我就揣兜。

●我的興趣愛好可分為靜態(tài)和動(dòng)態(tài)兩種，靜態(tài)就是睡覺，動(dòng)態(tài)就是翻身…

●唉～這人要一沒正形，連頭痛都是偏的?！裎疫@人不太懂音樂，所以時(shí)而不靠譜，時(shí)而不著調(diào)。●怎么會(huì)突然想哭？難道我也有些逆流成河的小憂傷？

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●好漂亮的美女叔叔?。?/p>

●我不跟豬摔跤有兩個(gè)原因：首先這讓我自己變得很臟，其次這讓豬很高興。

●沒事偷著樂是不太可能了,偷著胖還是有點(diǎn)兒希望.●放下屠刀立地成佛的意思是，你放下屠刀的那一刻對(duì)方把你砍成兩瓣兒了。

●沒事可做時(shí)，覺得最累。

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●李碧華說過： 什么叫多余？夏天的棉襖，冬天的蒲扇，還有等我已經(jīng)心冷后你的殷勤。

●永遠(yuǎn)年輕，永遠(yuǎn)裝嫩，永遠(yuǎn)不知好歹，永遠(yuǎn)熱淚盈眶。

●我爸面對(duì)我發(fā)胖一事發(fā)表了看法：沒有韓紅的命，還得了韓紅的病。●你來我信你不會(huì)走，你走我當(dāng)你沒來過。——我們?cè)撨@樣對(duì)待緣分與愛。

●曾以為我是那崖畔的一枝花，后來才知道，不過是人海一粒渣。

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●蕩氣回腸，消化不良。

●女人喜歡長的壞壞的男人,并不是喜歡長壞了的男人..●麻子不叫麻子，坑人。

●江湖險(xiǎn)惡，不行就撤！

●不敲幾下，你不可能知道一個(gè)人或一個(gè)西瓜的好壞。

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●孤獨(dú)的人常表現(xiàn)得很堅(jiān)強(qiáng)；寂寞的人則多半溫和。

●大笑是綻放的微笑。

●我的意中人是個(gè)絕色大美女，終于有一天她會(huì)騎著噴火的恐龍來嫁給我

的，可是我看見了她的坐騎，卻沒有看見她的主人。

●孤單是一個(gè)人的狂歡，狂歡是一群人的孤單。

●雖不安分，也該守己。

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●人不犯我，我不犯人。人若犯我，我就生氣！

●別逼我，否則我偉大起來，一發(fā)不可收拾。

●我們是平凡的人，我們也是特別的人，所以我們是特別平凡的人。

●那個(gè)人敢說自己純凈？瞧你那眼神就透著渾濁。

●沒有什么比弱者對(duì)強(qiáng)者的鄙視更無力了。

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●如有雷同，純屬你抄我●笨鳥先飛，笨豬先肥。

●當(dāng)你的眼淚忍不住要流出來的時(shí)候，睜大眼睛，千萬別眨眼，你會(huì)看到世

界由清晰到模糊的全過程。

●告訴你別逼我，你要是再逼我，我就裝死給你看。

●年輕算什么，誰沒年輕過？你老過嗎？真是的

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●別用世故的樣子來武裝自己，它會(huì)水土不服。

●解釋就是掩飾，掩飾就是編故事。

●所謂門檻，過去了便是門，過不去就成了檻。

●陌生阻止你認(rèn)識(shí)陌生的事物，熟悉妨礙你理解熟悉的事物。

●人生的悲哀就在于，當(dāng)你想兩肋插刀的時(shí)候，卻只有一把刀。

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● 如果全是老姜，將是一個(gè)何等辛辣的社會(huì)。

● 獅子不會(huì)因?yàn)槁牭焦贩投仡^。

● 水越深，水流越平穩(wěn)。

●在你不當(dāng)回事的時(shí)候，一切就好了起來。

● 無論是國王還是農(nóng)夫，只要能在自己家里找到安寧，他就是最幸福的人。

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● 一分錢一分貨,稀飯吃了不經(jīng)餓.● 水壺啊，你為什么哭泣，是因?yàn)槠ü商珷C了嗎?

● 如果命運(yùn)抓住了伱的喉嚨，伱就撓命運(yùn)嘚胳肢窩。

● 攔著成長的不是幼稚，而是自以為成熟。

● 如果命運(yùn)折斷了你的腿，他會(huì)教你如何跛行

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● 打死你我也不說

●左腦全是水，右腦全是面粉，不動(dòng)便罷了，一動(dòng)全是漿糊

●掙錢就像用針掘地，花錢就像水滲進(jìn)土里。

●我也有要去的地方，只是我要去的地方，沒道路通向那里。

●你浪費(fèi)的糧食都會(huì)堵在你去往天堂的路上。

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●生活是豐富多彩的，但我也有自己的顏色。

●如果有一天我失蹤了，只有兩種可能：身體在旅行，或者靈魂在旅行。

●讓人格與腦門一同閃亮。

●你的丑和你的臉沒有關(guān)系。●我從來沒有欺騙過你，因?yàn)槲覐膩頉]有欺騙你的必要。

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●我可以選擇放棄，但我不能放棄選擇。

●天沒降大任于我，照樣苦我心志，勞我筋骨。

●也許似乎大概是，然而未必不見得。

●再過一百年，就長成了參天大蔥。

●幸福就是當(dāng)你照鏡子的時(shí)候，喜歡你看到的那個(gè)人。

第四篇：2008年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試聽力真題及答案

2008年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試聽力真題及答案

Part III Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

11.A)Only true friendship can last long.B)Letter writing is going out of style.C)She keeps in regular touch with her classmates.D)She has lost contact with most of her old friends.12.A)A painter.C)A porter.B)A mechanic.D)A carpenter.13.A)Look for a place near her office.C)Make inquiries elsewhere.B)Find a new job down the street.D)Rent the $600 apartment.14.A)He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.B)He has been extremely busy recently.C)He has gained some weight lately.D)He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.15.A)The woman possesses a natural for art.B)Women have a better artistic taste than men.C)He isn’t good at abstract thinking.D)He doesn’t like abstract paintings.16.A)She couldn’t have left her notebook in the library.B)she may have put her notebook amid the journals.C)she should have made careful notes while doing reading.D)she shouldn’t have read his notes without his knowing it.17.A)she wants to get some sleep

C)she has a literature class to attend

B)she needs time to write a paper D)she is troubled by her sleep problem 18.A)He is confident he will get the job.B)His chance of getting the job is slim.C)It isn’t easy to find a qualified sales manager.D)The interview didn’t go as well as he expected.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A)He can manage his time more flexibly.B)He can renew contact with his old friends.C)He can concentrate on his own projects.D)He can learn to do administrative work.20.A)Reading its ads in the newspapers.B)Calling its personnel department.C)Contacting its manager.D)Searching its website.21.A)To cut down its production expenses.B)To solve the problem of staff shortage.C)To improve its administrative efficiency.D)To utilize its retired employees’resources.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.A)Buy a tractor.B)Fix a house.C)See a piece of property.D)Sing a business contract.23.A)It is only forty miles form where they live.B)It is a small one with a two-bedroom house.C)It was a large garden with fresh vegetables.D)It has a large garden with fresh vegetables.24.A)Growing potatoes will involve less labor.B)Its soil may not be very suitable for corn.C)It may not be big enough for raising corn.D)Raising potatoes will be more profitable.25 A)Finances

B)Equipment

C)Labor

D)Profits

Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One 26 A)To introduce the chief of the city’s police force

B)To comment on a talk by a distinguished guest

C)To address the issue of community security

D)To explain the functions of the city council 27 A)He has distinguished himself in city management

B)He is head of the International Police Force

C)He completed his higher education abroad

D)He holds a master’s degree in criminology 28 A)To coordinate work among police departments

B)To get police officers closer to the local people

C)To help the residents in times of emergency

D)To enable the police to take prompt action 29 A)Popular

B)discouraging

C)effective

D)controversial

Passage Two 30 A)people differ greatly in their ability to communicate

B)there are numerous languages in existence

C)Most public languages are inherently vague

D)Big gaps exist between private and public languages 31 A)it is a sign of human intelligence

B)in improves with constant practice

C)it is something we are born with

D)it varies from person to person 32 A)how private languages are developed

B)how different languages are related

C)how people create their languages

D)how children learn to use language

Passage Three 33 A)she was a tailor

B)she was an engineer

C)she was an educator

D)she was a public speaker 34.A)Basing them on science-fiction movies.B)Including interesting examples in them

C)Adjusting them to different audiences

D)Focusing on the latest progress in space science 35.A)Whether spacemen carry weapons

B)How spacesuits protect spacemen

C)How NASA trains its spacemen

D)What spacemen cat and drink Section C Directions : In this section.you will hear a passage three time.When the passage is read for first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.when the passage is read for the first time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36to43 with the exact words you have just heard.For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。

Crime is increasing world wide.There is every reason to believe the(36)____will continue through the next few decades.Crime rates have always been high in multicultural, industrialized societies such as the United States, but a new(37)____has appeared on the world(38)____rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few(39)____.Street crimes such as robbery, rape(40)___and auto theft are clearly rising(41)___in eastern European countries such as Hungary and in western European nations such as the united Kingdom.What is driving this crime(42)____?There are no simple answers.Still，there are certain conditions(43)_______with rising crime increasing heterogeneity(混雜)of populations, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of government,(44)___________________________________________________________________________________ These conditions are increasingly observable around the world.For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogeneous(同種類的),such as Japan, Denmark and Greece(45)________________________________________________________________________ Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values.Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the twenty-first century, and(46)_______________________________________________

參考答案

11.D.She has lost contact with most of her friends 12.A.A painter 13.C.Make inquiries elsewhere 14.C.He has gained some weight lately 15.D.he doesn’t like abstract paintings

16.B.she may have put her notebook amid the journals 17.A.she wants to get some sleep 18.B.his chance of getting the job is slim 19.A 20.A 21.D 22.C 23.B 24.C 25.A 26.A)To introduce the chief of the city' police force.27.D)He holds a master's degree in criminology.28.B)To get police officers closer to the local people.29.C)Effective.30.B)There are numerous languages in existence.31.C)It is something we are born with.32.D)How children learn to use language.33.B)She was an engineer.34.C)Adjusting them to different audiences.35.A)Whether spacemen carry weapons.36 trend 37 phenomenon 38 scene 39 offences 40 murder 41 particularly 42 explosion 43 associated 44 changing national borders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong.45 are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history.46 failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems.Script Section A

Short Conversations

11．M: I just received an Email from one of my former classmates.I was surprised, I hadn’t heard from him for ages.W: Well, I’ve been out of touch with most of my old friends, only one or two still drop me a line occasionally, Q: What does the woman mean?

12.M: If you can make up your mind about the color, I can start on the outside of your house early next week.W: Well, right now I think I want white for the window frames and yellow for the walls, but I’ll let you know tomorrow.Q: Who is the woman talking to?

13.W: Excuse me, do you have any apartments available for under 500 dollars a month? I need to move in next week when my new job starts.M: The only vacant one I have is 600 dollars, have you inquired at the apartment complex down the street?

Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?

14.W: You bought a pair of jeans yesterday, didn’t you? What are they like?

M: Oh, they are pretty much like my other ones, except with a larger waist.I guess I haven’t spent much time exercising lately.Q: What can we infer from the conversation about the man?

15.W: I really like those abstract paintings we saw yesterday.What do you think? M: I guess it’s something I haven’t acquired a taste for yet.Q: What does the man imply?

16.W: You haven’t seen a blue notebook, have you? I hope I didn’t leave it in the reading room.M: Did you check that pile of journals you’ve borrowed from the library the other day?

Q: What is the man trying to say to the woman?

17.M: How about joining me for a cup of coffee?

W: I’d love to, but I’m exhausted.I was up till 3 this morning, writing a paper for my literature class.Q: Why does the woman decline the man’s invitation?

18.W: You had a job interview yesterday, didn’t you? How did it go?

M: Not too bad, I guess.There were about 20 candidates competing for the sales manager’s job.And finally it was down to three of us, but the other two seemed better qualified.Q: What does the man imply?

長對(duì)話1

F: Simon, how does it feel to be retired? M: Well, not so bad.F: How have you been spending your time?

M: I have been spending more time with my family.I’ve also travelled a bit, you know, off season when everywhere is less crowded and hotels cost less.F: Great.M: You know I haven’t stopped work completely.F: Yes, could you tell us more about this?

M: I’m on a scheme that’s called phased retirement;I had a six-month break from work, after that I could apply for project work with the company I used to work for.F: How does the scheme work?

M: Well, it’s a trial at the moment.Instead of hiring temporary stuff, the company advertises posts on its website that retired employees like myself can access.F: What sort of works advertised?

M: Well, all sorts of things, really.Administrative work and more specialized work, the sort of thing I can do.Some of the projects can last five or six months, and others can just be a couple of days.I can decide more or less when to work.So I can manage my own time.F: I can see it’s good for you.What is your company get out of this?

M: Well, I still have all my old contacts at work, so I know who to contact to get something done.The company gets flexibility, too.Once the job’s over, that’s it.I’m not on their books any more.Questions 19-21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.Why does Simon find his retired life enjoyable?

20.How does Simon get to know about the company’s available posts?

21.Why does the company adopt the phased retirement scheme?

長對(duì)話2

W: Oh, where are we going?

M: I want to show you something.W: I know, but what is it?

M: A farm.It’s just down this road.It’s a small place, but at least it would be our own.W: A farm? How can we afford to buy a farm? M: It isn’t very large, only 40 acres.We wouldn’t have to pay very much right now.W: Is there a house on the place?

M: A small one, two bedrooms, but it needs to be fixed up a little.I can do the job myself.W: OK.Is there enough space for a kitchen garden?

M: There is about half an acre around the house.That’s plenty of space.W: Then we can grow our own fresh vegetables.And maybe keep a few chickens, couldn’t we?

M: Yes, and we can probably grow a lot of our own food.W: What are you thinking about growing, if we do take this place?

M: Well, it really isn’t big enough for corn.I thought we might try to raise a crop of potatoes.W: Potatoes? There are a lot of work.M: We are used to hard work, aren’t we?

W: Yes, we are, but the money.Do we have enough to get started? It seems like a dream.M: I think we’ve saved enough.We can pay a little on the farm and maybe put a few dollars down on the tractor, too.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Q 22: What are the speakers going to do at the time of the conversation?

Q 23: What does the man say about the farm?

Q 24: Why does the man intend to grow potatoes rather than corn on the farm?

Q 25: What is the woman’s greatest concern about the man’s plan?

Section B Passage One

Members of the city council and distinguished guests, it is my privilege to introduce to you today Mr.Robert Washington, chief of our city’s police force.He will address us on the subject of the Community Policing Program.Most of you know that Mr.Washington has a distinguished record as head of our police force for more than ten years.However, you may not know that he also holds a master’s degree in criminology and studied abroad for a year with the international police force which deals with crimes around the world.Mr.Washington first introduced the Community Policing Program 8 years ago.The idea behind the program is to get the police officers out of their cars and into our neighborhoods where they can talk directly to merchants and residents about the real dynamics of our city.These officers do more than make arrests.They try to find ways to help solve the problems that contribute to crime in the first place.Often that means hooking people up with services offered by other city agencies, such as schools, hospitals, housing, drug treatment centers.And the program seems to be working: crime is down and our citizens report that they feel more secure.Today Mr.Washington is going to tell us more about this program.Now let’s welcome Mr.Robert Washington.26.What is the purpose of the speaker’s remarks?

He will address us on the subject of community policing program.27.What does the speaker say about Mr.Robert Washington?

Most of you know that Mr.Washington has a distinguished record as head of our police force for more than ten years.However, you may not know that he also holds a master’s degree in criminology and studied abroad for a year with the international police force which deals with crimes around the world.Mr.Washington first introduced the community policing program 8 years ago.28.What is the idea behind the Community Policing Program?

The idea behind the program is to get the police officers out of their cars and into our neighborhoods where they can talk directly to merchants and residents about the real dynamics of our city.29.How has the Community Policing Program turned out to be?

And the program seems to be working, crime is down and our citizens report that they feel more secure.Passage Two

There are between 3000 and 6000 public languages in the world, and we must add approximately 6 billion private languages since each one of us necessarily has one.Considering these facts, the possibilities for breakdowns in communication seem infinite in number.However, we do communicate successfully from time to time.And we do learn to speak languages.But learning to speak languages seems to be a very mysterious process.For a long time, people thought that we learned a language only by imitation and association.For example, a baby touches a hot pot and starts to cry.The mother says, “Hot, hot!” And the baby, when it stops crying, imitates the mother and says, “Hot, hot!” However, Noam Chomsky, a famous expert in language, pointed out that although children do learn some words by imitation and association, they also combine words to make meaningful sentences in ways that are unique, unlearned and creative.Because young children can make sentences they have never heard before, Chomsky suggested that human infants are born with the ability to learn language.Chomsky meant that underneath all the differences between public and private languages, there is a universal language mechanism that makes it possible for us, as infants, to learn any language in the world.This theory explains the potential that human infants have for learning language.But it does not really explain how children come to use language in particular ways.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 30.Why does the speaker say there are great possibilities for communication breakdowns?

There are numerous public and private languages.Question 31.What is Chomsky’s point on the ability to learn a language?

Human infants are born with the ability to learn language and the potential to learn any language in the world.Question 32.What does Chomsky’s theory fail to explain according to the speaker?

It does not really explain how children come to use language in particular ways.Passage Three

When US spacewoman Joan Higginbotham is not flying and working in space, she might be found somewhere on earth giving a speech.Higginbotham, who grew up in Chicago and became an engineer before joining NASA, that is the National Air and Space Administration, gives about a dozen speeches a year.Each speech is different because she tailors her remarks to each audience.Through interviews and E-mails, she finds out in advance her listeners' educational level and what information they want to know.On the subject of space walks, for example, audiences vary in their interests and how much complexity they can comprehend.To elementary school children, Higginbotham may discuss a problem that many kids want to know about.“How do spacemen in a spacesuit eat, drink, and go to the bathroom?” Her answer is “the spacesuit is really a small spacecraft with room for food and water-containers, and a waste-collection system.” To a high school audience, she might satisfy a curiosity that often arises in her pre-speech interviews with students who obviously have seen many science fiction movies.“Do spacemen carry weapons in case they encounter enemies in space?” Her answer is “No”.To scientists, she might provide technical details on such topics as the design of spacesuits that protects spacemen from the deadly temperature extremes of space.Just as elaborate preparation is required for success in space, Higginbotham says that it’s important for speakers to learn as much as possible about their listeners before a speech because every audience is different.33.What did Joan Higginbotham do before joining in NASA?

34.How does Higginbotham prepare her speech on space walks?

35.What does the high school audience want to know about space travel?

Section C Compound Dictation:

Crime is increasing worldwide.There is every reason to believe the trend will continue through the next few decades.Crime rates have always been high in multi-cultural industrialized societies such as the United States.But a new phenomenon has appeared on the world scene: rapidly rising crime rates in nations that previously reported few offences.Street crimes such as robbery, rape, murder and auto theft are clearly rising, particularly in Eastern European countries, such as Hungary, and in Western European nations, such as the Untied Kingdom.What is driving this crime explosion? There are no simple answers.Still, there are certain conditions associated with rising crime.Increasing heterogeneity of population, greater cultural pluralism, higher immigration, democratization of governments, changing national borders, greater economic growth and the lack of accepted social ideas of right and wrong.These conditions are increasingly observable around the world.For instance, cultures that were previously isolated and homogenous, such as Japan, Denmark and Greece, are now facing the sort of cultural variety that has been common in America for most of its history.Multiculturalism can be a rewarding, enriching experience, but it can also lead to a clash of values.Heterogeneity in societies will be the rule in the 21st century, and failure to recognize and plan for such diversity can lead to serious crime problems.

第五篇：2003年06月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試聽力真題及答案

2003年6月21日大學(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力試題

Section A

1.A)At a theatre.C)At a railway station.B)At a booking office.D)At a restaurant.2.A)The man is inviting the woman to dinner.B)The woman is too busy to join the man for dinner.C)The woman is a friend of the Stevensons'.D)The man is going to visit the Stevensons.3.A)The professor's presentation was not convincing enough.B)The professor's lecture notes were too complicated.C)The professor spoke with a strong accent.D)The professor spoke too fast.4.A)The furnished apartment was inexpensive.B)The apartment was provided with some old furniture.C)The furniture in the market was on sale every Sunday.D)The furniture he bought was very cheap.5.A)The man is thinking about taking a new job.B)The man likes a job that enables him to travel.C)The man is sure that he will gain more by taking the job.D)The man doesn't want to stay home and take care of their child.6.A)Take the GRE test again in 8 weeks.C)Be patient and wait.B)Call to check his scores.D)Inquire when the test scores are released.7.A)She read it selectively.C)She read it slowly.B)She went over it chapter by chapter.D)She finished it at a stretch.8.A)He was kept in hospital for a long time.B)He was slightly injured in a traffic accident.C)He was seriously wounded in a mine explosion.D)He was fined for speeding.9.A)Wait for a taxi.C)Go on a trip.B)Buy some food.D)Book train tickets.10.A)It's not as hard as expected.B)It's too tough for some students.C)It's much more difficult than people think.D)It's believed to be the hardest optional course.Section B 11.How did the speaker feel when his father asked him to help cut grass? 12.What did his father do when the speaker missed cutting some leaves? 13.What did the speaker want to tell us in this passage?

Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.A)Anxious and worried.C)Nervous and confused.B)Proud and excited.D)Inspired and confident.12.A)His father scolded him severely.B)His father took back the six dollars.C)His father made him do the cutting again.D)His father cut the leaves himself.13.A)One can benefit a lot from working with his father.B)Manual labourers shouldn't be looked down upon.C)One should always do his job earnestly.D)Teenagers tend to be careless.Passage Two 14.What did the speaker use to do for a living? 15.What do we know about the speaker’s life in the past? 16.What made the speaker change his life style?

Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14.A)He ran a village shop.C)He worked in an advertising agency.B)He worked on a farm.D)He was a gardener.15.A)It was stressful.C)It was peaceful.B)It was colorful.D)It was boring.16.A)His desire to start Iris own business.B)The crisis in his family life.C)The decline in his health.D)His dream of living in the countryside.Passage Three 17.Why is it difficult for visitors to locate Cambridge University? 18.What does the passage tell us about the colleges of Cambridge University? 19.What can be learnt from the passage about the libraries in Cambridge University? 20.What does the passage tell about women students in Cambridge University?

Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17.A)Because there are no signs to direct them.B)Because no tour guides are available.C)Because all the buildings in the city look alike.D)Because the university is everywhere in the city.18.A)They set their own exams.C)They award their own degrees.B)They select their own students.D)They organize their own laboratory work.19.A)Most of them have a long history.B)Many of them are specialized libraries.C)They house more books than any other university library.D)They each have a copy of every book published in Britain.20.A)Very few of them are engaged in research.B)They were not awarded degrees until 1948.C)They have outnumbered male students.D)They were not treated equally until 1881.2003年6月21日大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試參考答案 1.D 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.B 17.D 18.B 19.B 20.B

2003年6月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)聽力原文

Section A 1.W: George, look at the long waiting line.I’m glad you’ve made the reservation.M: More and more people enjoy eating out now.Besides, this place is especially popular with oversea students.Q: Where did this conversation most probably take place? 2.M: I wonder if you can drop by tomorrow evening.The Stevensons is coming over for dinner.I’d like you to meet them.W: Sure.I’d love to.I’ve heard they’re interesting people.Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 3.W: The presentation made by Professor Jackson was too complicated to understand.M: Well, I think he didn’t speak slowly enough for us to take notes.Q: What is the man’s complaint?

4.W: You’ve got your apartment furnished, haven’t you?

M: Yes.I bought some used furniture at the Sunday Market and it was a real bargain.Q: What does the man mean? 5.M: Mary doesn’t want me to take the job.She says our child is too young and the job requires much traveling.W: You should talk to her again and see if you can find a way out.Think about the gains and loses before you make a decision.Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 6.M: I haven’t got my scores on the GRE test yet.Do you think I should call to make inquiries? W: There is no hurry.The test scores are released at least eight weeks after the test.Q: What does the woman advise the man to do? 7.M: Have you finished reading the book you bought last month? W: Oh, I didn’t read it straight through the way you read a novel.I just cover the few chapters that interested me most.Q: How did the woman read the book? 8.W: Hi, John!Haven’t seen you for quite a while.Are you fine? M: Oh, yes.But luck seemed to go against me.I had a car accident, only some minor injuries, though.Q: What happened to John? 9.M: The taxi is waiting downstairs.Let’s hurry.W: Wait a minute.I’ll take some food with us.I don’t like the meal served on the train.Q: What are the speakers going to do? 10.W: Is that optional course as hard as everybody says? M: Exactly even worse, believe it or not.Q: What does the man say about the course?

Section B Passage One Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choice marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage One My father woke me up early one morning when I was fourteen and announced: “Get up!You’re going with me to cut grass.” I felt proud and excited because my father thought I was responsible enough to help him in his business.Still that first day was really hard.From sunrise to sunset, my father, my younger brother and I cut and trimmed very large yards in a well-to-do part of the city.By the end of the day I was exhausted but I felt food.I had put in a hard day’s labor and had earned six dollars.One day my father spotted some weeds I had missed cutting and pulled me aside.“Get that section again,” he said firmly.“Don’t let me have to tell you to do the job right the first time.” In every job I have held，from cutting lawns to washing dishes to working a machine in a construction site, I have learnt something that help me in my next job.If you look hard enough, you can learn from any job you do.Passage Two I live in a small village in the country.My wife and I run the village shop.We have a very peaceful life.“Boring ”, some might say.But we love it.We know all the people in the village and have plenty of time to stop and chat.I have plenty of time for my hobbies too, gardening, fishing, and walking in the countryside.I love the outdoor life.It wasn’t always like this though.I used to have a really stress job, working till late in the office every evening and often bringing work home at the weekend.The advertising world is very competitive and when I look back, I can’t imagine how I stayed it.I had no private life at all, no time for the really important things in life.Because of the pressure of the job I used to smoke and drink too much.The crisis came when my wife left me.She complained that she never saw me and I had no time for family life.This made me realize what was really important to me.I talked things through with her and decided to get back together again and started a new and better life together.I gave up tobacco and alcohol, and searched for new hobbies.Now I am afraid looking back since the past life seemed a horrible dream.Passage Three “Where is the university” is the question many visitors to Cambridge asked, but no one could point them in any one direction because there is no campus.The university consists of thirty-one self-governing colleges.It has lecture halls, libraries, laboratories, museums and offices throughout the city.Individual colleges choose their own students who have to meet the minimum entrance requirements set by the university.Undergraduates usually live and study in their colleges where they are taught in very small groups.Lectures and laboratory and practical work are organized by the university and held in university buildings.There are over 10,000 undergraduates and 3,500 post-graduates, about 40% of them are women and some 8% from overseas.As well as teaching, research is of major importance.Since the beginning of the 20th century, more than 60 university members have won Nobel Prizes.University has a huge number of buildings for teaching and research.It has more than 60 specialist subject libraries as well as the university library, which, as a copyright library, is entitled to a copy of every book published in Britain.Examinations are set and degrees are awarded by the university.It allowed women to take the university exams in 1881, but it was not until 1948 that they were awarded degrees.