第一篇：英語時(shí)態(tài)(初中英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)歸納總結(jié)對(duì)照表)

初中英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)歸納總結(jié)對(duì)照表

初中英語時(shí)態(tài)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。通常用“ usually, often, every day, sometimes”。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹 一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能

1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。

2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。

二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成: 肯定句：

1).主語+系動(dòng)詞 be(is, am, are)+名詞（形容詞，介詞短語）

2).其他主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它 第三人稱單數(shù)+動(dòng)詞-s+其它 如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。

Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。三、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化 否定句：

1)主語+ be（is,am,are）+ not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

2)其他主語+do not(don’t)動(dòng)詞原形+其它 I don't like bread 第三人稱單數(shù)+does not(doesn’t)動(dòng)詞原形+其它He doesn't often play.一般疑問句：1)Be（Is,Are）+主語+其它?如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./ No, I'm not.2)Do其他主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？ Does+第三人稱單數(shù)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它+？ 注意：遇I/we—you, my—your, some—any.Does she go to work by bike?-Yes, she does./ No, she doesn't.Do you often play football?-Yes, I do./ No, I don't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike? How does your father go to work? 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:

一、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.He often ________(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _______(be)in Class One.3.We _______(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _______(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5.______ they ________(like)the World Cup?

二、按照要求改寫句子

1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)2.I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)3.She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)7.I like taking photos in the park.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)8.John comes from Canada.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)

三、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1.Is your brother speak English? __________________ 2.Does he likes going fishing? __________________ 3.He likes play games after class.__________________ 4.Mr.Wu teachs us English.__________________ 5.She don’t do her homework on Sundays._________________

2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。通常用“now/look/listen”.1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：.肯定句 ： 主語+be（is,am,are）+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing eg: I am(not)doing my homework.You/We/They are(not)reading.He/She/It is(not)eating.否定句：主語+be（is,am,are）+not + 動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing 一般疑問句：Is(Are)+主語+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing？ 特殊疑問：疑問詞+ be + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞ing? 3.動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則 1)一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2)以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3)如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping,swim—swimming 4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：

一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：

play________ run__________ swim _________make__________ go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______

二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：

1.The boy __________________(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _______________(sing)in the classroom.3.My mother _________________(cook)some nice food now.4.What _____ you ______(do)now? 5.Look.They _______________(have)an English lesson.10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes? Yes ,she is.三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：

1.They are doing housework.(分別改成一般疑問句和否定句)2．The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑問句并作肯定和否定回答)3．I’m playing the football in the playground.(對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)

① ②

3、一般過去時(shí)態(tài) 一般過去時(shí)通常用 “a moment ago, just now, yesterday, last?”等。1．一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。2．Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化： ⑴am 和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasn’t）⑵are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=weren’t）

⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3.行為動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)變化

5.特殊疑問句：

⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式？如：Who went to home yesterday? 過去時(shí)練習(xí): 寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式 isam_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________ drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________ does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____ taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______ throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________ Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí):A

一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 1.I _______ at school just now.2.He ________ at the camp last week.3.We ________ students two years ago.4.They ________ on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換 1.It was exciting.否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑問句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 2.All the students were very excited.否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑問句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí):B

一、用行為動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.He _________(live)in Wuxi two years ago.2.The cat ________(eat)a bird last night.3.We _______(have)a party last Halloween.4.Nancy ________(pick)up oranges on the farm last week.5.I ________(make)a model ship with Mike yesterday.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換

1.Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑問句：____________________________________________肯、否定回答：__________________________________________ 2.We sang some English songs.否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑問句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

三、中譯英

1．格林先生去年住在中國。2.昨天我們參觀了農(nóng)場(chǎng)。3.他剛才在找他的手機(jī)。過去時(shí)綜合練習(xí)A

一、用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

1.It ______(be)Ben’s birthday last Friday.2.We all ______(have)a good time last night.3.He _______ football now, but they _______ basketball just now.(play)4.Jim’s mother _________(plant)trees just now.5._______ they ________(sweep)the floor on Sunday? No, they _____.二、中譯英 1.我們上周五看了一部電影。

2.他上個(gè)中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎？是的。

3.你們上個(gè)兒童節(jié)做了什么？我們參觀了動(dòng)物園。

4、一般將來時(shí)

概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year?),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。1.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①主語+be(is,am,are)going to +動(dòng)詞原形.②主語+will+ 動(dòng)詞原形.2.否定句：①主語+be(is,am,are)+not +going to +動(dòng)詞原形.②主語+will +not(won’t)+ 動(dòng)詞原形.例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.3.一般疑問句：①Is(Are)+主語 +going to +動(dòng)詞原形.+? ②Will+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+? 例：We are going to go on an outing this weekend.→ Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? Yes,we are.No, we aren’t.Will he go to Beijing next week? Yes,he will.No,he won’t.4.對(duì)劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。

1).問人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon.→Who’s going to New York soon.2).問干什么。What ? do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon.→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3).問什么時(shí)候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine.→When is she going to bed? 5同義句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）.= I will go swimming tomorrow.一、練習(xí)：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.I ________ have a picnic with my friends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購物嗎？是，她要去買一些水果。_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________? Yes, she _________.She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.4.你們打算什么時(shí)候見面。What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?

二、改句子。

5.Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy ________ going to go camping.6.I’ll go and join them.（改否定）I _______ go ______ join them.7.I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑問句）________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow? 8.We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑問句）_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music after school.（對(duì)劃線部分提問）________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school? 10.My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)_________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.三、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

11.Today is a sunny day.We ___________________(have)a picnic this afternoon.12.My brother _______________(go)to Shanghai next week.13.Tom often ______________(go)to school on foot.But today is rain.He ______________(go)to school by bike.14.What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________(watch)TV and ____________(catch)insects? 15.It’s Friday today.What _____she _________(do)this weekend? She ______________(watch)TV and _____________(catch)insects.16.What ___________(d0)you do last Sunday? I ____________(pick)apples on a farm.What ______________(do)next Sunday? I ______________(milk)cows.17.Mary ____________(visit)her grandparents tomorrow.18.Liu Tao ____________(fly)kites in the playground yesterday.19.David ______________(give)a puppet show next Monday.20.I ________________(plan)for my study now.5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

肯定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞be(was,were)+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+其它 否定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞be(was,were)+not+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+其它 一般疑問句：Was(Were)+主語+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+其它？ 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+was(were)+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+其它? 用法:

1、表示在過去某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，往往有表示過去的時(shí)間狀語then, at that time, this time yesterday等，或與過去發(fā)生的某事同時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作（即與when, while引出的時(shí)間狀語從句連用）。例：They were talking about a film at six yesterday evening.昨晚6點(diǎn)他們正在談?wù)撘徊侩娪?。What were you doing at this time last week? 上周的這個(gè)時(shí)候你在干什么？ When the teacher came in, they were talking.老師進(jìn)來時(shí)，他們?cè)谥v話。

2、表示在過去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

例：They were swimming from two to three yesterday afternoon.昨天下午2點(diǎn)到3點(diǎn)他們?cè)谟斡?。She was watching TV the whole morning.她整個(gè)上午在看電視。

3、表示過去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。例：He said he was leaving on Tuesday.他說他周二動(dòng)身。Tom said he was going tomorrow.湯姆說他明天去。

4、用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)描寫故事背景。

例：It was getting dark.The wind was rising.天漸漸黑了下來，風(fēng)勢(shì)增強(qiáng)了。

The procession was going.He was standing among the crowd looking on.隊(duì)伍在前進(jìn)。他站在人群中觀看。

5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)練習(xí)題：

一、單項(xiàng)選擇

()1.My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself.A.fell, was riding B.fell, were riding C.had fallen, rode D.had fallen, was riding()2.Tom ___ into the house when no one ___.A.slipped, was looking B.had slipped, looked C.slipped, had looked D.was slipping, looked()3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.A.had seen, was picking B.saw, picked C.had seen, picked D.saw, was picking()4.I don ' t think Jim saw me;he ___ into space.A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just stared()5.I first met Lisa three years ago.She ___ at a radio shop at the time.A.has worked B.was working C.had been working D.had worked()6.---Hey, look where you are going!---Oh, I ' m terribly sorry.________.A.I ' m not noticing B.I wasn ' t noticing C.I haven ' t noticed D.I don ' t notice()7.The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it.A.was traveling B.traveled C.had been traveling D.was to travel()8.I ___ my breakfast when the morning post came.A.had B.had been having C.have been having D.was having()9.When I arrived at his office, he ___ on the phone.A.was speaking B.spoke C.had been speaking D.had spoken()10.“ What ' s the matter, Ali? You look sad.”

“ Oh, nothing much.As a matter of fact, I ___ of my friends back home.”

A.just thought B.have just been thinking C.was just thinking D.have just thought

二、動(dòng)詞填空。

１．John_______（work）all day yesterday.２．He _______（walk）home when the（rian）_______begin.３． —What______you _______（do）at ten o'clock yesterday﹖ —I_______（studay）in class．

４．When Harry _______（have）breakfast Lily _______（telephone）him．

５．When I ________（go）to school this morning I ______（see）a car running into a bus． 6.This time yesterday Jack ______(mend)his bike.7.I ______(write)a letter at ten last night.8.It was six.The Greens ______(have)supper.9.When you ______(knock)at the door yesterday,I ______(do)some washing.10.While my mother ______(watch)TV, I ______(make)a kite.三、英漢互譯。1.昨晚我給你打電話時(shí)，你正在干什么？ 2.上中學(xué)時(shí)，我住老師家里。

3.他昨天本來要看那場(chǎng)戲的，可是太忙了。

4.They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai.5.Soon the whole town was talking about it.6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

構(gòu)成：肯定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞have（has）+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed 否定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞have（has）+not(haven’t,hasn’t)+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed 一般疑問句：Have(Has)+ 主語+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed+？ 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+have(has)+ 主語+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed+？用法：

1、表示說話之前已完成的動(dòng)作，而且這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在是情況仍有影響。常被just,already,yet 等副詞修飾。

Mr.Wang has just come back from America.王先生剛從美國回來。

2．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可用來表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常帶有for或since 等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語。

如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)瞬間動(dòng)詞即終止性動(dòng)詞不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。常見終止性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞)的對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系如下: come / go / arrive / get / reach / move---be in/at open---be open die---be dead close---be closed become---be borrow---keep put on---wear buy---have leave-----be away(from)begin / start-----be on fall asleep----be asleep end/finish-----be over catch a cold-----have a cold join the army----be in the army, be a soldier join the Party----be in the Party , be a Party member 例：吉姆買這支已有兩年了。Jim bought this pen two years ago.Jim has had this pen for two years.Jim has had this pen since two years ago.Jim has had this pen since 2007 It is two years since Jim bought this pen.4.在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/ 年/ 月以來??”時(shí)間狀語中，謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years;during the last three months;for the last few centuries, through centuries;throughout history 等 5.表示“第幾次做某事，”或在 “It is the best(worst, most interesting)+名詞 ＋that” 后面跟現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

例：This is my first time that I have visited China.This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.That is the only book that he has written.6.have / has been to + 地點(diǎn) 意為“曾去過某地”，暗含目前已不在該地，僅表示當(dāng)事人的一種經(jīng)歷而已。

have / has gone to + 地點(diǎn) “到了某地去了”，暗含“已離開原地去了某地”之意，但是否到達(dá)了某地尚不確定。

如：He has gone to Shanghai.他去了上海。He has been to Shanghai.他去過了上海。7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

一、單項(xiàng)選擇。()

1、Both his parents look sad.Maybe they ________what's happened to him.Ａ.knew Ｂ.have known Ｃ.must know Ｄ.will know()

2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ? Ａ.already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ.Still()

3、Have you met Mr Li ______？

Ａ.just Ｂ.ago Ｃ.before Ｄ.a moment ago()

4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year.Ａ.is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written()

5、—Our country ______ a lot so far.—Yes.I hope it will be even ______.Ａ.has changed well Ｂ.changed good Ｃ.has changed better Ｄ.changed better()

6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years.Ａ.was studying Ｂ.will study Ｃ.has studied Ｄ.are studying()

7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.Ａ.know Ｂ.had known Ｃ.have known Ｄ.knew()

8、Harry Potter is a very nice film.I_______ it twice.Ａ.will see Ｂ.have seen Ｃ.saw Ｄ.see()

9、—These farmers have been to the United States.—Really ? When _____ there ? Ａ.will they go Ｂ.did they go Ｃ.do they go Ｄ.have they gone()

10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes.I _____ it a moment ago.Ａ.Did do finished Ｂ.Have done finished Ｃ.Have done have finished Ｄ.will do finish()

11、His father ______ the Party since 1978.Ａ.joined Ｂ.has joined Ｃ.was in Ｄ.has been in()

12、—Do you know him well ? — Sure.We _________ friends since ten years ago.Ａ.were Ｂ.have been Ｃ.have become Ｄ.have made

()

13、—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months.Ａ.been Ｂ.gone Ｃ.come Ｄ.arrived()

14、Hurry up!The play __________ for ten minutes.Ａ.has begun Ｂ.had begun Ｃ.has been on Ｄ.began()

15、It _____ ten years since he left the army.Ａ.is Ｂ.has Ｃ.will Ｄ.was()

16、Miss Green isn't in the office.she_______ to the library.Ａ.has gone Ｂ.went Ｃ.will go Ｄ.has been()

17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.Ａ.have been in Ｂ.have been to Ｃ.have gone to Ｄ.have been()

18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ? A.so they B.don’t they C.have they D.haven’t they()

19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China? A.How soon, comes B.How often, got C.How long, came D.How far, arrived()20、His uncle for more than 9 years.A.has come here B.has started to work C.has lived there D.has left the university

二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。

1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑問句）

2、They have been here since 2000.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)have they been here?

3、The old man _________ last year.He for a year.(die)（動(dòng)詞填空）

4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)This factory ________ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years.（同義句）Her mother _______ the Party three years ________.7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.8、The bus has arrived here.It arrived ten minutes ago.(把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)句子)___________________________________________

三、漢譯英。

1、吉姆已做完作業(yè)，他現(xiàn)在有空了。

2、他昨天收到一封信。

3、我父親以前到過長(zhǎng)城。

4、她還沒有看過那部新電影。

5、她去過上海。

6、他這些天上哪兒去了？ 7.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作從過去某時(shí)開始，延續(xù)或重復(fù)地出現(xiàn)至今，或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)至將來。常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語，如：for two hours,since early morning,these few days 等連用。構(gòu)成： 肯定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞have(has)+been+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing 否定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞have(has)+not+been+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing 一般疑問句：Have(Has)+ 主語+ been+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+? 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+ have(has)+ 主語+ been+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞-ing+? 例：It has been raining for three hours.We have been waiting here since an hour ago.How long has it been raining? 雨下多久了？

She has been sitting there for more than 2 hours.他已經(jīng)在那坐了兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。We’ve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我們常見面。

He has been telephoning me several times in two days.這兩天他打好幾次電話給我。

注意事項(xiàng)：與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相比，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)：在從過去到現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間里，動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)或一直反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。8.過去完成時(shí) 構(gòu)成：

肯定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞had +動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed+其它

否定句：主語+助動(dòng)詞had +not(hadn’t)+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed+其它 一般疑問句;Had+主語+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed+其它+？

特殊疑問句：疑問詞+had +主語+動(dòng)詞過去分詞-ed+其它+？ 例：There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.By the end of last term we had finished the book.They finished earlier than we had expected.用法：

1、表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已完成或延續(xù)到某一過去時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，即“過去的過去“。這一動(dòng)作可以是一直持續(xù)到過去這一時(shí)刻或?qū)⒗^續(xù)下去。這個(gè)過去的時(shí)間常用by，before after,）等介詞短語或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句表示，也可以用一個(gè)表示過去的動(dòng)作或上下文來表示。例：The train had left before she got to the station.在她到車站以前，火車已開走了。

We had learned about 500 English words by the end of mine.到上個(gè)月為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了約500個(gè)英文單詞。

Mr.Smith died yesterday.He had been a good friend of mine.史密斯先生昨天去世了，他曾是我的一位好友。

2、用于以連詞when, as soon as, as?as, before, after, until, now that引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中或一些賓語從句中以表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間早于主句所表示的動(dòng)作，可表示原因、動(dòng)作先后等關(guān)系。如： 例：After I had finished my homework, I watched TV last night.（表時(shí)間先后）

We took a taxi home, as the last bus already gone.由于最后一班公車已開走，所以，我們就乘出租車回家。（表原因）

He got to the airport and suddenly realized that he had forgotten to bring his ticket.他趕到機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)突然意識(shí)到他忘了帶機(jī)票。

3、用在一般過去時(shí)之后的間接引語中。

He told me that he had been seen the film the day before.他跟我說他前一天看過那個(gè)電影了。注意：過去完成時(shí)的句子中，終止性動(dòng)詞不能與一段時(shí)間連用，而狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞的過去完成時(shí)必須和一段時(shí)間連用。如： He had already died.他已經(jīng)死了。

He had been dead for an hour.他已經(jīng)死了一個(gè)小時(shí)了。9.過去將來時(shí) 構(gòu)成： 肯定句： 主語+助動(dòng)詞would+動(dòng)詞原形。主語+助動(dòng)詞was(were)going to+動(dòng)詞原形。否定句： 主語+助動(dòng)詞would+not(wouldn’t)+動(dòng)詞原形。.主語+助動(dòng)詞was(were)+not+ going to+動(dòng)詞原形 一般疑問句：Would+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+？ Was(Were)+主語+ going to+動(dòng)詞原形+? 特殊疑問句：疑問詞+would+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+？ was(were)+主語+ going to+動(dòng)詞原形+? 例：I hoped she would succeed.用法

過去將來時(shí)表示從過去某一時(shí)間看將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。這種時(shí)態(tài)常用于賓語從句或間接引語中。主要有以下幾種形式：

1、would + 動(dòng)詞原形

這一形式表示過去將來時(shí)間，通常帶有表示過去將來的時(shí)間狀語，多見于從句或間接引語中。I wanted to know when you would finish the article.我想知道你什么時(shí)候?qū)懲暾撐摹?/p>

第二篇：淺談初中英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)教學(xué)

淺談初中英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)教學(xué)

英語的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)這一語法現(xiàn)象與我們母語的語法差別較大，學(xué)起來也較乏味。如何教學(xué)這些語法，從而使學(xué)生更好、更有效地掌握它們，是經(jīng)常困擾教師的問題。筆者在教學(xué)實(shí)踐中進(jìn)行了努力的嘗試和探索，并依據(jù)信息加工的學(xué)習(xí)理論，總結(jié)出較為行之有效的“三元”教學(xué)法：從“標(biāo)志”信息輸入著眼，經(jīng)過“概念”思維加工，達(dá)成“結(jié)構(gòu)”形式輸出，從而使師生擺脫枯燥的時(shí)態(tài)教學(xué)，掌握動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的規(guī)律，形成有效的語法教學(xué)策略。

一、從“概念、結(jié)構(gòu)、標(biāo)志”三個(gè)方面把握動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)

“概念、結(jié)構(gòu)、標(biāo)志”三個(gè)方面是學(xué)習(xí)一種時(shí)態(tài)所必須把握的，三者相互聯(lián)系，相互制約，共同表述一個(gè)完整的時(shí)態(tài)含義。“概念”清楚地說明了一種時(shí)態(tài)的用法。對(duì)于概念的把握一定要全面、準(zhǔn)確，表述嚴(yán)密，如對(duì)于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法，不能只表述為“表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)？

下面列舉兩種時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行說明。

（一）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

1、概念：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本用法有四種。（1）表示現(xiàn)在的狀況，如Mr、Green has two children、（2）表示主語所具備的性格或能力，如Ann enjoys listening to the radio、Miss White speaks Chinese very well、（3）表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性或反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，如I usually rest on Sundays、Mr、Brown always gets up early、LiLei goes to see Uncle Wang once a month、（4）表示客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理，如It never snows in Australia in December、Light travels faster than sound、2、結(jié)構(gòu)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)在一般情況下用動(dòng)詞原形，當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞也要相應(yīng)變成單數(shù)形式，其否定式、疑問式要加助動(dòng)詞do或does。例如：Miss Gao teaches us English、Does your mother work in a factory？

3、標(biāo)志：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常與下列表示頻率的副詞或短語連用：always，usually，often，sometimes，seldom，never，twice a week，on Sundays等。

（二）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1、概念：基本用法有兩種。（1）表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。（2）表示從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。

2、結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞have（has）+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。

3、標(biāo)志：用法（1）常與下列詞語連用：already，yet，just，ever，never，before，recently等；用法（2）常與“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”或“for+時(shí)間段”所構(gòu)成的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，也可與包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，如this morning，these days等。

其他幾種時(shí)態(tài)不再一一列舉。在平時(shí)的教學(xué)中，只要我們從上述三個(gè)方面去把握動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，學(xué)生就會(huì)逐漸發(fā)現(xiàn)其規(guī)律，做到有章可循，主動(dòng)地學(xué)習(xí)，從而變以教師為主體的講語法為以學(xué)生為主體的學(xué)語法，收到事半功倍的效果。

二、要善于進(jìn)行各種時(shí)態(tài)的用法比較

學(xué)習(xí)了幾種時(shí)態(tài)以后，就容易出現(xiàn)混淆、錯(cuò)用的情況，這就要求我們要不斷地將一些時(shí)態(tài)加以比較，以便能夠更好地把握其本質(zhì)。其實(shí)，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的比較也是以“概念、結(jié)構(gòu)、標(biāo)志”三元為依據(jù)比較的。試看下面幾種時(shí)態(tài)的比較。

（一）一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法比較

1、一般過去時(shí)只單純表示過去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生聯(lián)系，它可以和確定的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用；而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)既涉及過去又聯(lián)系現(xiàn)在，但它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以它不能和確定的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。試比較：I have posted the letter（說明現(xiàn)在信不在這里）。I posted the letter yesterday（只說明昨天寄信這一事實(shí)）。

2、有些時(shí)間狀語（標(biāo)志），如this morning，tonight等，既可用于一般過去時(shí)，也可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，但所表示的意義有所不同。用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的表示“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)，而用于一般過去時(shí)則與“現(xiàn)在”無關(guān)。例如：I have read the book this May（講話時(shí)仍是五月）。I read the book this May（講話時(shí)五月已過）。

（二）一般過去時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)的用法比較

1、一般過去時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；而過去完成時(shí)則表示在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，其標(biāo)志是“過去的過去”。當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去另一動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，常用此時(shí)態(tài)。例如：The film had already begun when I reached the theatre、2、一般過去時(shí)與過去完成時(shí)都可以和確定的表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，但側(cè)重點(diǎn)有所不同。試比較：They had done the work at five o’clock、They did the work at five o’clock、第一句說明工作在五點(diǎn)鐘已完成，并未說明是什么時(shí)候完成的；第二句說明工作是在五點(diǎn)鐘做的。

3、在帶有before或after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，由于主、從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序已非常明確，所以可用一般過去時(shí)代替過去完成時(shí)，如The train had left before I got to the station、也可以說：The train left before I got to the station、其他時(shí)態(tài)的比較，如一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法比較不再列舉。時(shí)態(tài)的混合使用是以掌握好每一種時(shí)態(tài)的用法以及各時(shí)態(tài)的比較用法為基礎(chǔ)的，在中學(xué)階段使用較少，在此不做詳談。

三、注意時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間不一致的特殊情況

如前所述，判斷時(shí)態(tài)要從“標(biāo)志”（時(shí)間狀語）著眼，這是一般規(guī)律。但有些情況下，時(shí)態(tài)與時(shí)間（標(biāo)志）并不一致，在教學(xué)中應(yīng)引起足夠的重視，做到靈活使用，可視之為“特殊標(biāo)志”。

1、一些表示來往動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)向動(dòng)詞）常用進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來時(shí)，常見的這類動(dòng)詞有arrive，come，go，leave，set off，start等、例如：The Browns are leaving for Paris next month、2、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)有時(shí)可以表示預(yù)定的近期將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也可用來表示說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例如：Are you free tomorrow？ The train starts at 7：50 in the evening、Here comes the bus！There goes the bell！

3、一般過去時(shí)可以表示目前非真實(shí)的情況或不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望（即虛擬語氣）。例如：I wish I could fly to the moon by spaceship、It’s high time you went home、If I were you，I would go with him、4、在含有狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，當(dāng)主句是將來時(shí)態(tài)或是祈使句時(shí)，狀語從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)，用一般過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)。例如：I will go to town if it doesn’t rain tomorrow、He said he would come to see us if he had time、Please tell him about it as soon as he comes back、Are you going to play with us when you have finished your homework？

5、在含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句中，主從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)有如下不一致情況。

（1）當(dāng)賓語從句表示科學(xué)真理、客觀事實(shí)、格言或其他不受時(shí)間影響、限制的客觀存在的事物時(shí)，如：Long ago people didn’t know that the earth moves round the sun、She told hers on that practice makes perfect、（2）當(dāng)賓語從句用來解釋、表達(dá)科技內(nèi)容時(shí)，如：The teacher told us that the attraction of the earth for all bodies is called gravity、（3）當(dāng)賓語從句表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或目前習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作時(shí)，如：He said he does morning exercises everyday、（4）當(dāng)賓語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作在轉(zhuǎn)述時(shí)仍在繼續(xù)，或表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻仍存在的狀態(tài)時(shí)，如：LiLei said his father is attending a meeting in Shanghai、She told me the other day that she is only seventeen、6、其他從句，如比較狀語從句、定語從句等不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響，應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際需要，選擇適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)。例如：It was colder yesterday than it is today、Last night I read the book which you are reading now、對(duì)于這些特殊情況，在平時(shí)的教學(xué)中，應(yīng)特別注意。其實(shí)，我們也可以把上述情況視為一種特殊的“標(biāo)志”，進(jìn)而判斷相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)形式。

綜上所述，對(duì)于一種時(shí)態(tài)，我們可以從“概念、結(jié)構(gòu)、標(biāo)志”三個(gè)方面去把握，隨著所學(xué)時(shí)態(tài)的增多，要善于將一些時(shí)態(tài)加以比較，總結(jié)出差異，同時(shí)還要注意特殊情況。這些，整個(gè)中學(xué)階段英語時(shí)態(tài)教學(xué)就系統(tǒng)化、規(guī)律化了。學(xué)好這些基本的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，可為學(xué)生將來學(xué)習(xí)更為復(fù)雜的時(shí)態(tài)、非謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、被動(dòng)語態(tài)、虛擬語氣乃至進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)中、高級(jí)英語，打下扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

第三篇：初中英語時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)

初中英語時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

1.概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。

2.時(shí)間狀語： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays，3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞 原形（如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式）

4.否定形式：主語+am/is/are +not+其他;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't, 如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。

6.例句：.It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words..二、一般過去時(shí)

1.概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。

2.時(shí)間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞的過去式

4.否定形式：主語+was/were +not+其他;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did 提問，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.I didn't know you were so busy.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。

2.時(shí)間狀語：Now, at this time, days, etc.look.listen

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be +doing +其他

4.否定形式：主語+be +not +doing+其他

5.一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。

6.例句： How are you feeling today?

He is doing well in his lessons.四、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。

2.時(shí)間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等。

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu) 主語+was/were +doing +其他

4.否定形式：主語+was/were + not +doing+其他

5.一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。(第一個(gè)字母大寫）

6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1.概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

2.時(shí)間狀語：yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for+時(shí)間段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has +p.p（過去分詞）+其他

4.否定形式：主語+have/has + not +p.p（過去分詞）+其他

5.一般疑問句：have或has。

6.例句：I've written an article.The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.六、過去完成時(shí)

1.概念：以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。

2.時(shí)間狀語：Before, by the end of last year(term, month…), etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+had + p.p（過去分詞）+其他

4.否定形式：主語+had + not +p.p（過去分詞）+其他

5.一般疑問句：had放于句首。

6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.By the end of last month.We had reviewed four books

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+had+p.p（過去分詞）+其他

①肯定句：主語+ had+p.p（過去分詞）+其他

②否定句：主語+ had+ not+p.p（過去分詞）+其他

③一般疑問句：Had+主語+p.p（過去分詞）+其他

④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句七、一般將來時(shí)

1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

2.時(shí)間狀語：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+am/is/are +going to + do+其他；主語+will/shall + do+其他

4.否定形式：主語+am/is/are not going to do ；主語+will/shall not do+其他

5.一般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。

6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.It is going to rain.八、過去將來時(shí)

1.概念：立足于過去某一時(shí)刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。

2.時(shí)間狀語：The next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/were +going to + do+其他；主語+would/should + do+其他

4.否定形式：主語+was/were/not + going to + do;主語+would/should + not + do.5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。

6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.I asked who was going there.九、將來完成時(shí)

1.概念：在將來某一時(shí)刻之前開始的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

2.時(shí)間狀語：by the time of;by the end of+時(shí)間短語（將來）;by the time+從句（將來）

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be going to/will/shall + have+p.p（過去分詞）+其他

4例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.十、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作。這一動(dòng)作可能剛剛開始，也可能仍在繼續(xù)，并可能延續(xù)到將來。

2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has +been +doing+其他

3.時(shí)間狀語：since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for+時(shí)間段等。

4.例子：I have been sitting here for an hour.The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.

十一、一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換

在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，瞬間動(dòng)詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：①瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“一段時(shí)間 + ago”的一般過去時(shí)的句型中；②瞬間動(dòng)詞可改成與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及短語，與一段時(shí)間連用；③瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“It is + 一段時(shí)間 + since + 一般過去時(shí)”的句型中，表示“自從……以來有……時(shí)間”的意思，主句一般用it is來代替It has been;④瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Some time has passed since + 一般過去時(shí)”的句型中。請(qǐng)看：

A.He joined the League two years ago.B.He has been in the League for two years.C.It is two years since he joined the League.D.Two years has passed since he joined the League.

十二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換

在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上學(xué)、上課）等。此短語可與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請(qǐng)看：

Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.Peter is working, but Mike is playing.十三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般將來時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換

在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中g(shù)o, come, leave, start, arrive等動(dòng)詞常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：I am coming, Mum!意為“我就來，媽媽！”請(qǐng)看：

The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化

1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth

mouse---mice man---men woman---women

注意：與 man 和 woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是-men 和-women。

如： an Englishman，two Englishmen.但German不是合成詞，故復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans；Bowman是姓，其復(fù)數(shù)是the Bowmans。

2）單復(fù)同形 如：

deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese

li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin

但除人民幣元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如:

a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters

3）集體名詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。

如： people.police.cattle 等本身就是復(fù)數(shù)，不能說 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以說

a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名詞，表示國民總稱時(shí)，作復(fù)數(shù)用。

如： The Chinese are industries and brave.中國人民是勤勞勇敢的。

4）以s結(jié)尾，仍為單數(shù)的名詞，如：

a.maths，politics，physics等學(xué)科名詞，為不可數(shù)名詞，是單數(shù)。

b.news 是不可數(shù)名詞。

c.the United States，the United Nations 應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。

The United Nations was organized in 1945.聯(lián)合國是1945年組建起來的。

d.以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書名，劇名，報(bào)紙，雜志名，也可視為單數(shù)。

“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事書。

5)表示由兩部分構(gòu)成的東西，如：glasses(眼鏡)trousers, clothes

若表達(dá)具體數(shù)目，要借助數(shù)量詞 pair(對(duì)，雙);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers

6）另外還有一些名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式有時(shí)可表示特別意思，如：goods貨物，waters水域，fishes（各種）魚

第四篇：初中英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)題一(含答案)

初中英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)題一（含答案）

1.I will tell him as soon as he _____ back

A.come B.comes C.will come D.came

2.Mary _____ on shoes when she ____ them.A.tries…buys B.tries… buies C.trys… buys D.trys… buies

3.The girl often ______ cold when she ______.A.cathcs…dances B.catches… dances C.catchs…dancees D.catches… dancee

4._____ he ____ himself there? No, I don't think so.A.Do…enjoy B.Does… enjoies C.Does… enjoys D.Does…enjoy

5._____ your teacher ____ from them very often? Certainly.A.Do…h(huán)ear B.Does…h(huán)ear C.Do… receive D.receive

6._____ your mother _____ some cleaning on Sundays?

A.Does…does B.Do…does C.Does…do D.Do… do

7._____ Tom _____to work hard to help his family ? Yes, he _____.A.Has… x…does B.Has…x…does

C.Does…h(huán)as…h(huán)as D.Does… have…does

8.Which teacher _____ lessons to you every day ?

A.does …gives B.does… give C.do… give D.gives

9.Smith does not go fishing on weekdays, ____? _____ , he does.A.does he…No B.does he…Yes C.doesn't he…No D.doesn't he…Yes

10.Mr Black often _____ fishing on Sundays, _____ he ?

A.goes…doesn't B.goes…isn't

C.doesn't go…does D.doesn't go…is

11.He usually _____ TV on Sunday evening.A.watch B.watches C.watching D.is watching

12.We'll go to play with snow if it ______ tomorrow.A.snow B.snows C.will snow D.snowed

13.Neither I nor he ______ French.A.speak B.doesn't speak C.speaks D.doesn't speak

14.Nobody ______ how to run this machines.A.know B.have known C.knows D.is knowing

15.The Young Pioneer _____ water for the old man every day.A.carry B.bring C.takes D.carries

16.Some are ______ in the river and some are ______ games.A.swimming… playing B.swimming…plaiing

C.swimming… I playing D.swimming…plaing

17.Look!The boy students are _____ football while the girls are _____.A.playing… dance B.playing… dancing

C.play… dancing D.play… dance

18.He _____ to do his lessons at eight every evening.A.is beginning B.is beginning C.begin D.begins

19._____ he _____ on well with his friends this term ?

A.Does…gets B.Does…get C.Is…getting D.Is…geting

20.Mr Smith _____ short stories, but he ____ a TV play these days.A.is writing…is writing B.is writing… writes

C.writes… is writing D.writes… writes

第五篇：英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)重點(diǎn)講解

英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)重點(diǎn)講解

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)

動(dòng)詞主要表示動(dòng)作，其次表示狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)。動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)的發(fā)生有一定的時(shí)間和表現(xiàn)方式。這就是英語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。英語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)主要由動(dòng)詞的不同形式來表示。

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的本質(zhì)是什么？

時(shí)態(tài)是英語動(dòng)詞的一個(gè)語法概念，它跟語態(tài)、語氣一樣，都是通過變化動(dòng)詞的形式，從而達(dá)到準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)句子語義之目的。學(xué)英語必須學(xué)好動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，因?yàn)闀r(shí)態(tài)清楚地說明了這個(gè)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的時(shí)間(過去或現(xiàn)在)或者形態(tài)(進(jìn)行或完成)。動(dòng)詞如果沒有時(shí)態(tài)的話，那么，人們就無法理解一個(gè)句子所表達(dá)的準(zhǔn)確含義了。

在中學(xué)階段，我們必須掌握最基本的八種時(shí)態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，一般將來時(shí)，一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去完成時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)。此外，其他幾種比較常用的時(shí)態(tài)，我們也應(yīng)有一個(gè)大致的了解和把握。在學(xué)習(xí)過程中應(yīng)特別注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1.把握各種時(shí)態(tài)的特點(diǎn)及動(dòng)詞形式變化，注意易混淆時(shí)態(tài)之間的差異；

2.準(zhǔn)確理解語境意義，捕捉隱含的時(shí)間信息；

3.克服慣性思維，排除“假性時(shí)間狀語”的誤導(dǎo)；

4.注意巧變語境，培養(yǎng)發(fā)散性思維。

學(xué)生：各種動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的形式我們基本沒什么問題，只是在具體的句子里容易出錯(cuò)。老師：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的使用，主要看時(shí)間狀語和上下文。每種時(shí)態(tài)都有相應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語。見到often，usually，sometimes等表示一種頻率的或經(jīng)常發(fā)生動(dòng)作的時(shí)間副詞，動(dòng)詞一般用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)；句中有l(wèi)ast week，yesterday，in 2000等表示過去的時(shí)間副詞或短語，多用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)；句中有tomorrow，next year等表示未來的時(shí)間副詞或短語，多用將來時(shí)態(tài)；句中有already，yet，for...，since...等副詞或短語，多用完成時(shí)態(tài)。如果沒有明確的時(shí)間短語或狀語，就得看上下文?？纯粗骶浜蛷木涞年P(guān)系，根據(jù)主句可以確定從句的動(dòng)詞形式，根據(jù)從句也可以確定主句的動(dòng)詞形式。

學(xué)生：就是這些主句、從句把我們搞得暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向。又是狀語從句，又是賓語從句，都不知該怎么記了。

老師：我們先回憶一下狀語從句，狀語從句主要有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、結(jié)果、比較、條件等從句。其中時(shí)間、條件兩種從句，使用時(shí)要特殊記：主句是一般將來時(shí)態(tài)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。如：（1）I'll phone you back as soon as I get home．（2）You'll fail if you don't work harder．其他一般都遵循“時(shí)態(tài)一致”的原則。而含賓語從句的句子，主

句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句可以用所需要的任何時(shí)態(tài)（注：賓語從句講的是事實(shí)或普遍真理，通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)）；主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句也要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。

學(xué)生：那怎樣保證使用動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)少犯錯(cuò)誤或不犯錯(cuò)誤呢？

老師：除了牢記動(dòng)詞形式、熟悉相關(guān)的時(shí)間狀語和上下文規(guī)則外，就是多造句子、多練習(xí)。有意識(shí)、有計(jì)劃地練習(xí)使用這常用的8種時(shí)態(tài)。