第一篇：英語辯論比賽正文

Should people improve their appearance through plastic surgery

自我介紹

Good morning, everyone.we are the negative part.I am debater 1…...I am debater 2 zhangzhiming.I am debater 3 zhangwenyu.I am debater 4 zhulei.Today we are stand on the point “people should not improve their appearance through plastic surgery”.正方一辯陳述觀點 反方一辯陳述

The most beautiful of people is soul, not appearance.Who would afford a beautiful

appearance and inner ugly people? We should not satisfy with the beauty of appearance, instead we should improve the beauty of inner.It is not worth to spend too time and money on appearance.If cosmetic surgery can make people beauty, then everyone is beautiful, and there is no a beauty on the earth.The result of cosmetic surgery is

unpredictable, and it can make you beauty and also can make you ugly.Cosmetic surgery may trigger infection, so we are against cosmetic surgery.That’s all, thank you.反方二辯向?qū)Ψ蕉?、三辯提問題

反：Plastic surgery is harmful, and there are many sequels.These are inevitable, why do you want to facelift? Those people who have failure plastic, they will not be resuming, and will leave an indelible psychological shadow in their heart.It is not necessary to hurt your body in order to be beauty.Do you think so? Thank you.正：We cannot give up the technical study just because it has some harmful sides, because it will bring more benefits than harm.Facts speak louder than words.Good appearance will give a better imagination to other people.And cosmetic surgery can make us become more beautiful.Isn’t it good? Thank you.反：Please note that to a person not only impressed with the beautiful appearance, and other things like temperament.This shows that appearance is not very important.So there is not necessary to do cosmetic surgery.Thank you.正：A love of beauty is a part of human’s nature.People like to see beautiful scenery, flowers, and animals.It is not strange that they also want to look at good-looking human and improve the way they look themselves.So we think we can understand that why people improve their appearance through plastic surgery!

四辯補充發(fā)言

反：Natual beauty is beautiful!We can't decide out innate face as we got from our parents ,.Also,inner charecter is more important than the only appearance when you are undering a interview.This shows that appearance is not the most important.So there is no necessary to do cosmetic surgery.Thank you.正方提問一、三辯

反方二辯小結(jié)

Plastic surgery offers a world of possibilities for the young, old and those unhappy with their appearance.However, despite its potential to improve our life, plastic surgery is not a good choice in many cases.Firstly ,beauty is only skin-deep,virtue is moreimportant than appearance.As an old saying gose:Don’t judge a person by appearance.Secondly, success and good job relie on one’s abilities instead of appearance.What’s worse,the result of plastic surgery is unpredictable.it can make you charming and also can make you ugly.people have to bear the risks of an unsuccessful surgery which will be a lifelong pain.All in all, we are against cosmetic surgery.That’s all, thank you.正方二辯小結(jié)

自由辯

正：We cannot give up the technical study just because it has some harmful sides, because it will bring more benefits than harm.Facts speak louder than words.Good appearance will give a better imagination to other people.And plastic surgery can make us become more beautiful.Isn’t it good? Thank you.反：Plastic surgery is harmful, and there are many side effects which are inevitable(不可避免的), why do you want to facelift ? It is not necessary to hurt your body in order to be beauty.Do you think so?Thank you.正：If all people around you are ugly, will you have a happy life?

反Is no one around us who is born beautiful? Every people have their characteristics.It is their real beauty.Moreover, over the past several thousand years no one can do cosmetic surgery, but you can say they do not have happy lives?

正：It is because they do not have the technology nowadays, how did you know that they do not want to make themselves beautiful?

反:Do you means that there’s no one born beautiful around us?Every people have their characteristics.It is their real beauty.Moreover, in the past several

thousand years no one can do plastic surgery, then you dare to say they do not have a happy life? Do you think so ?thank you.正：It is because they do not have the technology nowadays, how did you know that they do not want to make themselves beautiful? And, how can you be hardhearted enough to ignor the situation that peop who are accident victims and be born-defected.Surely that they will have a better life after they take a plastic surgery.反： People like beautiful things which are nature.But we should not attempt to change our physical appearance by man-made.雙方四辯總結(jié)陳詞

反方：Friends on the other side have acknowledged the debate that the cosmetic surgery is dangerous.Light infected, worse the death.Why do you go to risk for appearance? The body and the skin are given by parents, not your personal property.You should consider about the feeling of your parents.Feet in short, a director-inch such deficiencies in other circumstances are probably the advantage.There is ugly, so exist beautiful.So we also should treasure ugly.We are against cosmetic surgery.Thank you.正方：In the current level of technology, cosmetic surgery indeed has risks.One thing can not be rejected just because it has temporary risk.On the contrary, we should see its potential and the great benefit to the people.Cosmetic surgery can help people with physical defects find the self-confidence back.So they are no longer concerned about their physiological defects, and spent more efforts on work and life.If one kind of drug can make people beauty and who will not want to eat? Why do we not pursue the dual appearance and beautiful soul? So we support for the cosmetic surgery.Thank you.

第二篇：辯論比賽

辯論本來是一種探求真理的手段。在古代歐亞大陸，那些雄辯家?guī)缀醵际敲胍粫r的思想家，他們的思想火花直接閃現(xiàn)在他們的唇槍舌劍中，幾乎不必思考什么戰(zhàn)術(shù)，一切似乎是信手拈來，自然而然。但是，現(xiàn)在辯論成了比賽，它的目的不再是說服對手或者把某種信念傳諸天下，而是爭勝，為了取得勝利，有些辯論隊甚至采取了下九流的手段，這里我不舉例了，總之，這些手段不屬于戰(zhàn)術(shù)范疇。那么什么才是辯論賽的戰(zhàn)術(shù)呢？它是能夠在許多不同的辯論賽中應用的具有同樣效果的技巧方法，當然，首先是不能違反規(guī)則。這些戰(zhàn)術(shù)之所以得到廣泛的應用，是因為辯論賽固有的特點，那就是評委對辯題沒有深入的了解，不可能要求評委象辯手們一樣去分析辯題，查找資料，這種情況在校內(nèi)還好一點，多次充當評委的老師對辯論本身還有所了解，而在校際比賽中，許多社會賢達在坐上評判席前，甚至不知辯論為何物，往往是那邊熱鬧就評那邊贏。所以，很多根本不能說明論點，嘩眾取寵的東西也成為戰(zhàn)術(shù)的一部分，在這方面，復旦大學帶了一個頭。作為一個有著兩年多辯齡，居然已經(jīng)可以賣賣老的辯論隊員，這篇文章我早就想動筆了，可是慣有的惰性使我每每難以提起興趣，隨著時間的流逝，那些曾經(jīng)激發(fā)過我創(chuàng)作沖動的素材，也開始漸漸遺忘了，終于痛下決心給管院辯壇后來者留下點東西，希望有所裨益，但順便奉勸一句，如想靠此從庸手成為高手，除非奇跡出現(xiàn)。規(guī)范發(fā)言的戰(zhàn)術(shù) 規(guī)范發(fā)言是一場辯論賽的基礎，沒有規(guī)范發(fā)言，自由辯論無從展開，辯手的演講水平、形象風度也能在規(guī)范發(fā)言中得以充分體現(xiàn)，當然，最重要的還是要把本方的邏輯說清楚，使本方處于一個進可攻，退可守的位置。

1． 正方一辯的發(fā)言時間控制 正方一辯是整場辯論的第一個發(fā)言者，他沒有駁斥的對象，要做的只是把事先準備好的稿子認認真真地念好。不過，如果能在念出最后一個字時，恰恰時間結(jié)束的鈴聲響起，可收到先聲奪人之效。這一點極難，在我看過的幾十場辯論賽中，只有兩人能做到，而且也純屬運氣，所以不必強求。正方一辯還有一些戰(zhàn)術(shù)，如在發(fā)言結(jié)尾向?qū)Ψ教岢龊脦讉€問題，以圖擾亂對方一辯發(fā)言，但對方如稍有經(jīng)驗，一般是避而不答，于是反而容易暴露本方的進攻點。一辯還常在結(jié)尾時說：“關(guān)于***將由我方二辯、三辯作進一步的闡述?！边@種做法優(yōu)點是在配合上顯得連貫，缺點是可能會破壞一辯的整體氣勢。如果時間已到而稿子還未念完，可以把論點重復一遍，然后坐下。

2． 控制駁論的的比例 除正方一辯外，其余辯論隊員都面臨著如何在發(fā)言中處理駁論與立論的關(guān)系，初學者易犯的毛?。阂皇敲髅髀牭綄Ψ铰┒窗俪觯瑓s不知從何下手，好象武學中的全是空門，竟然成了沒有空門；二是知道應該駁斥哪一點，一站起來就面紅耳赤，恨不得一棍子把對方打死，但是由于無法有效地組織語言，說起來吞吞吐吐，觀眾看了都替他著急。駁論應該注意的問題是： ①事先有所準備，對方可能從哪點進攻，做到心中有數(shù)，可以把想到的駁論分點寫在卡片上，對方談到哪一點，就抽出哪張卡片放在稿子開頭； ②首先駁斥對方的常識性錯誤及口誤，如對方背錯了某句詩詞或在某句話中漏掉了一些關(guān)鍵字而導致意思截然相反，都應該抓住機會予以痛擊； 臨場駁斥要注意對方發(fā)言中的開頭一段，因為時間有限，如果駁斥其結(jié)尾，往往來不及組織語言； ③反駁的對象不要太過分散，不超過3點； ④最好是針對前一個發(fā)言者進行駁斥，如果中間已經(jīng)隔了幾輪發(fā)言，駁斥的效果會減弱。當然，對方的重大漏洞或關(guān)鍵的論點、論據(jù)例外； ⑤確實覺得反駁有困難可以只立論。

3． 語言通俗化、口語化 初看辯論的人可能會覺得那些辯論稿滿篇都是聽不懂的新名詞的辯手才是高手，其實恰恰相反。前面已經(jīng)說過，辯手經(jīng)過準備之后，對辯題的理解往往比評委深刻，這時，既要深得入，又要淺得出，發(fā)言時要避免使用專用術(shù)語，即使用也要作說明，此外，要多使用比喻、舉例、排比等手法。如果能在發(fā)言中以幽默的語言或大義凜然的陳詞引起觀眾的笑聲和掌聲，對評委會產(chǎn)生較大影響，這一點也同樣適用于自由辯論。

4． 概念的模糊和清晰 其實不光是概念，很多場合都需要模糊的語言讓對方找不到靶子，這似乎和第3點有點矛盾，但第3點指的是一般情況，而這里指的卻是特殊情況。舉個例子：在“法治能消除腐敗”的訓練賽中，我持正方立場，這時我方面臨的一個難題是怎樣給消除下一個定義，消除的權(quán)威定義是使不存在，如果同意這個定義，顯然不利；如果不同意，這個定義又實在太難駁倒，甚至很難防守。最后我方采用了這樣的定義：法治能消除腐敗，指的是法治的懲治、防范、監(jiān)督、教育幾種功能相互作用的動態(tài)過程。實戰(zhàn)效果頗佳，對方?jīng)]有什么好辦法指出我方這個定義錯在何處，結(jié)果在枝節(jié)問題上作了大量的糾纏?？梢钥闯?，概念模糊化目的是為了防守，這種概念的本意對已方是不利的又或者無法定義精確。相反，概念的清晰是為了進攻，如上例中反方當然要旗幟鮮明地提出消除就是使不存在，使腐敗現(xiàn)象為零，這樣才能加強進攻的力度。

5． 煽情 煽情是辯論中的常用戰(zhàn)術(shù)，自由辯論中也應用頗多，但由于自由辯論中個人發(fā)言時間很短，使這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)的應用受到限制。大規(guī)模煽情一般出現(xiàn)的規(guī)范發(fā)言中。煽情時首先要投入感情，可謂慷慨激昂之時，聲嘶力竭；沉痛哀傷之處，氣若游絲。但也要注意不可過火，以不影響自己發(fā)言為度，切不可泣不成聲，拍桌子等等，煽情內(nèi)容也要注意有邏輯性，比如“法治能消除腐敗”中，反方在對腐敗問題痛心疾首之后，說“腐敗如此嚴重，單靠法治獨木難支”是有效的。而在“應該鼓勵購買私人小汽車”中，反方大談農(nóng)村失學嚴重，去煽希望工程的情，就有點風馬牛不相及了。

6． 豹尾 以往發(fā)言稿結(jié)尾都比較平淡，往往是把本方論點重復一遍，自從《獅城舌戰(zhàn)》出版之后，很多辯手模仿復旦四辯在結(jié)尾以一句氣勢宏大的名言、俗語、詩詞來結(jié)尾，這值得一試，但要注意這句話必須和論點密切相關(guān)，而且一般由一辯和四辯來說。

自由辯論的戰(zhàn)術(shù) 自由辯論是整場辯論賽中最重要的一個階段，大多數(shù)評委是根據(jù)自由辯論的勝負來決定比賽的勝負的。正因為有了自由辯論，辯論和演講也才有著質(zhì)的區(qū)別，這么說是毫不過份的。在兩支勢均力敵的辯論隊之間，自由辯論的隨機應變成分很高，常常會讓人覺得事先準備的東西全用不上，而且，由于氣氛緊張激烈，即使是高手有時也難免氣急敗壞，于是打到哪里算哪里，雙方都死鉆牛角尖，過多糾纏細節(jié)問題，把戰(zhàn)略戰(zhàn)術(shù)忘個精光。因此，一方面要注重平時的自我訓練；一方面要盡力在賽場上保持冷靜，以求成功地運用戰(zhàn)術(shù)。一.配合

1． 劃分戰(zhàn)場 在我的印象中，南京大學是這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)的首創(chuàng)者?；镜淖鞣ㄊ前岩幌盗嘘P(guān)系緊密的問題作為一個戰(zhàn)場，并由場上的一名隊員提出其中的第一問題，其他隊員立即跟上，直到問完這一系列問題，取得了滿意戰(zhàn)果后，轉(zhuǎn)入下一戰(zhàn)場。這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)的優(yōu)點是：火力集中，進攻顯得有章法，有層次。缺點是：有時過于死板，為了貫徹連續(xù)提問，對對手臨場暴露的弱點只能作簡單攻擊，而對對手的有力反駁又不能由最恰當?shù)年爢T來防守，這和自由辯論隨機應變的特點是相背離的。結(jié)論：仍然可以適當決定幾個戰(zhàn)場，但不用強求連續(xù)提問，讓隊員自己控制提問的時機。

2.兩次發(fā)言 在自由辨論中，一個隊員發(fā)言后，不要立即把話筒傳給其他隊員，而在對方發(fā)言后，由其自己決定是否作第二次發(fā)言。這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)的目的是保持發(fā)言的連貫性，在隊員相互之間很不了解，配合很生疏時應用。

3.相互保護 由于種種原因，往往會出現(xiàn)某個隊員口誤，或者偏離立論等等對本方不利的情況，這時候，別的隊員應該彌補其錯誤。彌補的方法有以下幾種： ① 抵賴。如果本方犯錯誤，對方隔了相當長時間后才攻擊，又或者犯錯誤的這句話本身含意就很模糊，可以死不認帳地說：“我方?jīng)]有這樣說過。”但是，這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)如果被評委識破，會非常不利，一般不要采用。②別解。對本方犯錯誤的話作另外一種解釋。例：正：大家聽到?jīng)]有，對方同學竟然說共產(chǎn)主義不能實現(xiàn)，看來帝國主義亡我之心不死，和平演變真是越來越嚴重了。反：在相當長一段時間內(nèi)，由于條件不具備，共產(chǎn)主義當然不能馬上實現(xiàn)…… 這里反方就運用了別解這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)，一定程度上扭轉(zhuǎn)了不利局面。這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)運用得比較多，常用的句式是“我方的意思是說：……” ③調(diào)整底線。這是一種迫不得已的作法，所犯的錯誤既不是口誤，又明顯背離本方原來的立論，只好將錯就錯。例：“法治能消除腐敗”一題中 反：對方同學剛才還說法治能消除腐敗的根源，可現(xiàn)在又說法治對腐敗的根源——貪欲只是遏制，這不是自相矛盾嗎？ 正：對方同學怎么忘了腐敗還有一個根源；不受制約的權(quán)力。法治能消除的，正是不受制約的權(quán)力這個根源。當時我持正方立場，原來準備的立論是法治既能消除貪欲，又能消除不受制約的權(quán)力，但由于準備倉促，場上我方一辯明確說出法治對貪欲只是遏制，我只好在場上臨時作了調(diào)整，于是對方又轉(zhuǎn)到另外的問題上去了。④對于明顯的口誤，可以大膽承認“我方剛才出現(xiàn)了口誤?！?/p>

4.連續(xù)進攻 場上要保持頭腦冷靜，當注意到對方對本方某個問題避而不答或回答不力時，應連續(xù)攻擊，哪怕把問題再重復一遍也好。往往易犯的毛病的是自己急于說出某句“精妙”的話，根本不去注意隊友問了什么問題以及對方是如何回答的，這種個人主義應該避免。二． 邏輯戰(zhàn)術(shù)（這類戰(zhàn)術(shù)多牽涉形式邏輯）

5.破除雙難境地 辯論中難免會碰到一些選擇疑問句，對方逼著問你“是A還是B？”不管是A是B對本方都是不利的，對這類問題有兩種回答的方法：①（既不是A，也不是B）是C②既是A，又是B 例：“愛滋病是醫(yī)學問題，還是社會問題”一題 反：……對方同學認為是病就是醫(yī)學問題，那么我請問，相思病是看內(nèi)科還是看外科啊？ 正：相思病也要看心理醫(yī)生…… 這就是第一類回答，有一定難度，但效果甚佳 例：“抓住老鼠的貓才是好貓”一題 正：如果一只貓長得可愛，但是不會抓老鼠，而另外一只貓長得很丑，卻是抓老鼠能手，對方同學你會挑哪一只呢？ 反：兩只我都要，一只用來觀賞，一只用來抓老鼠……這是第二類回答，讓對方無法攻到實處。

6.破類比 類比手法是辯論中經(jīng)常運用的，但類比不可能做到絕對的精確，類比物與被類比物總是會有一些區(qū)別，這就為反駁提供了突破口。例：“愛滋病是醫(yī)學問題，還是社會問題” 正：千千萬萬人得愛滋病就是社會問題嗎？千千萬萬人還得心臟病呢，這也是社會問題嗎？ 反：一個人打噴嚏不是社會問題，難道我們?nèi)珗鋈硕即蛞粋€噴嚏還不是社會問題嗎？ 正：對方同學還是沒有聽清楚我說的，難道千千萬萬人得心臟病也是社會問題嗎？ 反：問一個簡單的問題，治療一個愛滋病人要多少錢？ 看得出反方有左右支絀之感，其實這個問題可以這樣回答。反：心臟病會傳染嗎？心臟病和同性戀有關(guān)嗎？ 傳染和同性戀都是愛滋病具有的特征，而類比物心臟病則無此特征，所以事先找出一些重要概念的特征后，可以用來攻擊對方不準確的類比。

7.循環(huán)論證及對待辦法 循環(huán)論證常常是在立論中就已準備好的，這種論辯手法會有出乎意料的效果。當不管從哪個角度進攻，對方總是能自圓其說時，很可能就是在運用這種手法。復旦大學在“人性本善”一題中曾經(jīng)設置過一個循環(huán)論證（實戰(zhàn)中他們抽到的是“人性本惡”），基本立論是：人有人性和獸性，人所以有善行，是因為有人性，人所以有惡行，是因為有獸性?，F(xiàn)在我假設一段自由辯論： 正：泰麗莎修女的善行，英國小男孩為了救自己的妹妹不惜獻出自己的生命，這不是人性的光輝嗎？ 反：但是我們也看到二次世界大戰(zhàn)奪去了幾千萬人的生命，而巴爾干半島現(xiàn)在仍然戰(zhàn)火熊熊，面對人類這些惡行，對方同學還能說人性本善嗎？ 正：當我們談起這些惡行時，總是說“獸性大發(fā)”，又怎么能讓人性來承受這不白之冤呢？ 其實正方為了論證人性是善的，他的論據(jù)是：惡的都是獸性。這是一種典型的循環(huán)論證，對付的辦法是直接予以揭破。反：惡的就是獸性，善的就是人性，所以人性是善的，對方同學這不是在循環(huán)論證嗎？…… 如果循環(huán)論證能設置得比較隱蔽，對方是無法攻破的，值得在立論中采用。

8.歸謬及對付方法 所謂歸謬就是先假設對方的邏輯是正確的，然后推導出荒謬的結(jié)論，以此證明對方的錯誤。這是辯論中常用的有力武器，很多看來難以攻擊的詭辯，一經(jīng)歸謬，會有“柳暗花明又一村”之感。例：“外資是推動廣東經(jīng)濟飛速發(fā)展的主要動力” 反：馬克思早已指出：勞動決定價值，所以，廉價的勞動力才是推動廣東經(jīng)濟飛速發(fā)展的主要動力。正：勞動決定價值適用于任何國家、任何地區(qū)，如果按照對方這種邏輯，世界上任何國家、任何地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟飛速發(fā)展的主要動力都是廉價勞動力嘍？ 對反方看似嚇人的論據(jù)，正方以歸謬給予有力一擊，再看一個比較高級的歸謬。例：“法治能消除腐敗” 反：請對方舉個例子，哪怕是一個例子，世界上有哪個國家哪個地區(qū)用法治消除了腐??？ 正：過去沒有消除，現(xiàn)在沒有消除，就等于將來一定不能消除嗎？那我們還談什么共產(chǎn)主義必然實現(xiàn)，共產(chǎn)主義以前也從來沒實現(xiàn)過嘛！正方對反方的這個要害問題如果避而不答，那就要丟分了，而以歸謬駁斥對方提問中隱含的邏輯，卻化險為夷。使用歸謬是不容易的，但防守也很難，大概有以下兩種防守方式： ① 正本清源 例：“法治能消除腐敗” 反：腐敗有減少的趨勢就能說明腐敗能消除嗎？一個人小時候一天能吃一斤飯，成人后一天能吃二斤米飯，這也是飯量不斷增長的趨勢啊？是不是說到了老年他就能吃100斤大米飯呢？那不成了飯桶了嗎？ 正：吃飯是飯量不斷增長，消除腐敗卻是腐敗在不斷減少，這兩者怎么能混為一談呢？ 正方用這種反駁方式指出反方所“按照的”根本不是正方的“邏輯”，所以導出的荒謬結(jié)論是無效的。② 順水推舟 例：正方“人性本善”，反方“人性本惡” 正：我想先請問對方同學，您的教育能夠使你一輩子不流露本性嗎？如果您不小心流露本性，那我們大家可要遭殃了。（前面反方說過教育使本惡的人性向善）反：所以我要不斷地注意修身自己呀！曾子為什么說：“吾日三省吾身”呢？…… 這種反駁方式是指出對方所導出的結(jié)論與本方觀點并不矛盾，在①例中，如果用順水推舟法，似乎可以這樣說： 正：所以我們才要考察法治是否有消除腐敗的內(nèi)在能力??！而腐敗不斷減少的趨勢恰恰提供了一個證明。比較一下，哪種方法更好呢？我個人認為后一種方法更能體現(xiàn)“避其鋒芒，擊其惰歸”之兵家要義。

9.各執(zhí)一詞 在同一個論據(jù)上，雙方各自強調(diào)對自己有利的一面。例：“當前妨礙大學生走向社會主要是自身素質(zhì)問題，還是社會環(huán)境問題” 反：現(xiàn)在是“孔雀東南飛，飛到廣東來”，不就是因為廣東水草豐美，環(huán)境優(yōu)雅嗎？ 正：可也要是孔雀才能東南飛??！反：東南有梧桐，方有孔雀來?，F(xiàn)在的問題是梧桐太少。臨場利用對方的論據(jù)時，會用到這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)。10.特殊情況 先舉一個例子：“發(fā)展旅游業(yè)利大于弊” 正：……對方同學怎么能把色情業(yè)、賭博業(yè)的弊端強加到旅游業(yè)的頭上呢？這不是張三犯罪，李四坐牢嗎？ 反：如果李四是幫兇，當然也要坐牢。旅游業(yè)不是對色情業(yè)、賭博業(yè)起到了推波助瀾的作用嗎？ 本來張三犯罪，不該李四坐牢，可在李四是幫兇的特殊情況下，就不奇怪了。又例： 正：……這不等于是把一個不會游泳的人推到水里去嗎？ 反：如果不下水又怎么能學會游泳呢？ 能否成功地運用這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)，關(guān)鍵是辯手自身的素質(zhì)。在這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)中，常用的句式是“如果……，那么……” 11.攻擊小前提 例：正：毛驢沒有污染，可是能走上高速公路嗎？ 反：毛驢就真的沒有污染嗎？ 當對方第一句話是判斷句，第二句話是反問句時，本方應該先注意這句判斷句是否成立，這在辯論中屬于“盲點”，容易忽略。這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)在許多情況下屬于詭辯，就象對方指著一個正方形說正方形與圓形是不同的，而本方攻擊說他指的根本不是一個標準的正方形。所以上一例中正方可以這樣反駁。正：當然世界上沒有絕對不造成污染的東西，但毛驢難道是因為有污染才不能走上高速公路嗎？ 這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)要慎用。三.轉(zhuǎn)換提問權(quán)

12.回避 在水平相當?shù)霓q論賽中，只有符合以下條件才能回避： a)對方的問題無法回答； b)對方的問題回答后對本方很不利； c)對方的問題與辯題無關(guān)。我不贊成復旦大學說的，只在回答能引起轟動效應時才回答，否則就拋出事先準備的東西。除非在雙方差距太大時，復旦大學這種觀點才有幾分道理，否則會給評委留下心虛的印象?；乇艿姆椒ㄓ幸韵聨追N： ① 就好象沒有聽到對方的問題，直接提出本方問題。這種回避可以用，但痕跡過于明顯。② 以一句話作為過渡。例：“愛滋病是醫(yī)學問題，還是社會問題” 正：對方已說明，我們應該加強教育，但我想問對方，教育是用什么教育？是不是用醫(yī)學的方法來教育呢？ 反：“知之為知之，不知為不知?！闭垎枌Ψ?，你們判斷是醫(yī)學問題還是社會問題的標準是什么？ 正：今天晚上的辯題我想對方已經(jīng)有所誤解了，你們已經(jīng)忽視了你們所應該辯的愛滋病不是醫(yī)學問題…… 劃線部分就是過渡句,當評委和觀眾把注意力集中在這句話中，就容易忘記本方已在腳底抹油了。③ 暗含諷刺的回避 當對方的提問不甚合理時，用這種戰(zhàn)術(shù)效果較好。例：“法治能消除腐敗” 正：請問，孟德斯鳩關(guān)于法治的兩套標準是什么？ 反：還是讓我們回到中國的現(xiàn)實來吧…… 這里反方暗含諷刺對方教條主義。又例：“煙草業(yè)對社會利大于弊” 正：請問對方同學，吸一支煙能縮短人的多少壽命？ 反：一條煙多少錢？一條命多少錢？ 正方提這個問題的目的是想證明一支煙只能縮短幾秒鐘人的壽命（假材料），反方的回擊是諷刺正方脫離現(xiàn)實。這類回答在特殊的語境下才有效，不要生搬硬套。

13.回答問題后再提問 在大多數(shù)情況下都應該回答問題，回答后提出本方問題。但是，如果回擊很有力，可以不再提問，以免削弱攻擊的威力。四.小技巧

14.運用假材料 無論在規(guī)范發(fā)言還是在自由辯論中，都需要運用大量材料，可是合適的材料不容易找到，往往只能編一些假材料，包括數(shù)據(jù)、實例等。運用時要注意兩點：一是材料要盡可能編得合情合理；二是不可心虛，要理直氣壯地用。另外，在校際比賽中，應禁用假材料。

15.妙語脫困 如果時間充裕，應事先準備好一些在很多情況下都能使用的妙語。在自由辯論中，不要急急忙忙把這些妙語拋出去，而應該用在本方最困難的時候。例：“溫飽是談道德的必要條件” 正：對方一直回避這樣的問題，超道德行為到底是不是道德行為？請對方回答。反：超道德當然不是道德。但如果按照對方的邏輯，那么裴多斐的《自由與愛情》詩大概就得改成：“愛情誠可愛，自由價更高，若為溫飽故，二者皆可拋”了。（笑聲、掌聲）正方前面已充分論述了超道德不是道德，反方在回應一句以后，如果轉(zhuǎn)入其他問題，總是有氣弱之感，這時拋出事先準備的妙語（這句妙語幾乎在自由辯論的任何時候都可以用），占了上風。這里還有另一個戰(zhàn)術(shù)，超道德本來是一個偽概念，但反方并不去論述超道德其實也是道德，而是大膽承認了對方的觀點，這是因為承認后對反方的論點并沒有什么影響，相反，如果硬著頭皮去說清楚，就要費太多的口舌了。再舉一個大膽承認的例子。例：“煙草業(yè)對社會利大于弊” 反：對方老是說煙草業(yè)能上繳多少利稅，能創(chuàng)造多少經(jīng)濟利益，難道要等到我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)達后，才來取締煙草業(yè)嗎？ 正：當然如此。（停頓）反：那你們將千千萬萬中國人的生命置于何地。正：我再提醒對方，吸煙只是會對人的身體健康造成一定影響，而這是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過程中，不得不付出的代價。在這個例子中，正方成功地運用大膽承認的戰(zhàn)術(shù)，打亂了反方的陣腳，相當?shù)梅帧?/p>

16.連續(xù)提問 第4個戰(zhàn)術(shù)叫連續(xù)進攻，主要是指臨場與隊友的配合。而這里的連續(xù)提問可以在事先準備好。例：“煙草業(yè)對社會利大于弊” 反：對方同學承不承認，煙草業(yè)是社會失靈的產(chǎn)物？（停頓）正：對方還沒有告訴我們，你們的利弊標準是什么？ 反：這一點我方早已論述，我再請問對方，你們究竟承不承認煙草業(yè)是市場失靈的產(chǎn)物？ 正：事實勝于雄辯，如果煙草業(yè)對社會是弊大于利的話，那為什么我國還要嘉獎云南玉溪卷煙廠，難道是表揚他們多殺人嗎？ 反：看來對方同學沒辦法回答我方的問題，那我再問一個更簡單的問題，煙草業(yè)是不是一個外部不經(jīng)濟的行業(yè)？ 明知對方不太了解經(jīng)濟學方面的知識，有意提出這類問題，連提兩次后，對方仍然回避，如果重復第三次，好象顯得本方只有這么一個問題，這時候轉(zhuǎn)向一個類似的問題，巧妙。要注意兩點，不能提問過多別人聽不懂的問題，偶爾一次是戰(zhàn)術(shù)，多了會被人誤認為在破壞辯論。對關(guān)鍵性的，不能由別的問題代替的提問，可以重復多次。（這種情況不多，一般總能找到幾個類似的問題）

17.攻擊對方過激行為 在辯論中對對手要保持一種尊重客氣的態(tài)度，不可出現(xiàn)人身攻擊的語言，也不能與隊友大聲談笑，拍桌子，踢腿等等。如果對方有人身攻擊的語言，可以這樣說：“對對方同學剛才的措詞，我方表示遺憾……”，如果對方有很不禮貌的行為，可以這樣說：“在嚴肅的辯論場上，對方**同學剛才卻很不嚴肅地（拍桌子……），我方對此表示遺憾”。切不可針尖對麥芒，把辯論場變成吵架場。18.聽不清楚對方發(fā)言的對策 對策有二： 一是客氣地請對方重復一遍。這種做法優(yōu)點是顯得有風度，缺點是如果再聽不清楚就不好辦了，重復后如果聽清楚了又很難回避對方的問題。二是攻擊說：“對方說得不清不楚，我實在聽不懂?！眱?yōu)點是掌握主動，缺點是顯得不留情面。五.用時

19.合理用時 自由辯論的時間是很寶貴的，每次發(fā)言都應該簡短有力，不允許象規(guī)范發(fā)言一樣“一、二、三”點的展開。在《獅城舌戰(zhàn)》中，自由辯論雙方各用時4分鐘，臺大發(fā)言33次，復旦發(fā)言32次，平均每次發(fā)言7秒多。一般說來，每次發(fā)言在十五秒以內(nèi)，絕不能超過半分鐘。一定要半分鐘以上才能說清楚的，不如讓隊友來回答，或者干脆回避。如果本方發(fā)言完了，對方卻還剩下一、二分鐘，那比賽等于是輸了一半。20.利用多余時間 對方發(fā)言時間用完后，如果本方還有多余，可以讓4名隊員挨次站起發(fā)言，這樣顯得頗有氣勢。一般情況下，每個隊員發(fā)言都是完整的一句話。華東師大有所創(chuàng)新，4名隊員的話加起來才是一句完整的話，而且他常主動要求結(jié)束自由辯論，以顯示氣度。這種創(chuàng)新我沒有實踐過，不敢妄評，可能缺點是不能充分利用時間。終于寫完了，真是辛苦，本來還想修改一下，但太長了，就這樣吧。希望以后有人修正并補充。注： 1按高級別比賽慣例稱四名隊員為一辯、二辯、三辯、四辯； 2所舉例子有些引自原文，有些是憑記憶和想象。

第三篇：辯論比賽邀請函

親愛的各位百人會會員及其他同學：

今年3月15日，是樊老師經(jīng)理口才培訓中心成立三周年的紀念日，為了增進同學之間的交流，提升演講辯論能力，特將近期舉辦一次百人會活動安排通告如下：

時間：3月13日（星期天）下午3-6點

地點：渝中區(qū)上清寺環(huán)球廣場10樓c區(qū)，重慶經(jīng)理人口才培訓中心

內(nèi)容：

1、樊榮強老師《辯論技巧講座》

2、第三屆經(jīng)理人一對一辯論比賽（選手限16人，評委限8人，百人會會員優(yōu)先）（百人會詳情）；

3、向參會同學贈送《口才導圖》；

5、同學互動交流發(fā)言，結(jié)交新朋友；

費用：參加辯論賽免費，如果晚上需參加聚餐，aa制費用50元。

如有意參加的同學，請直接向樊老師***報名確認。

有意參加本次辯論比賽，或當選手，或當評委，或當聽眾，均可，報名時請說明。

第四篇：辯論比賽策劃書

一、活動目的：本屆辯論賽主要為豐富藝術(shù)學院同學的課余生活，活躍校園氣氛，開拓

思想，體現(xiàn)大學生朝氣蓬勃、積極向上的精神狀態(tài)，培養(yǎng)和發(fā)掘辯論人才。并為學生會吸收優(yōu)秀人才做準備。辯論比賽本著“公平競爭，團結(jié)協(xié)作”的精神，提高同學們的演說，視聽，合作表達以及團隊的組織和協(xié)調(diào)能力。

二、活動宗旨：活躍文化生活，鍛煉口才和反應能力。提高同學們的綜合能力。三、四、五、六、參賽對象：藝術(shù)學院全體學生 主辦單位：藝術(shù)學院學生會外聯(lián)部 活動地點和時間： 參賽要求：

1、各參賽隊隊員仔細閱讀本次辯論賽方案，熟悉有關(guān)賽程安排。

2、各參賽隊員每場比賽前20分鐘到場，以利于賽場準備工作的順利進行。

3、請在每場比賽之前做好細致的準備工作，以便于辯手在辯論中發(fā)揮出最高水平。

4、遵守比賽紀律和比賽規(guī)則，服從比賽安排，尊重評委評判，如有不同意見，可以賽

后提出。

5、友誼第一，比賽第二。適合于任何活動。請參賽辯手用語文明禮貌。舉止得體。禁

止人身攻擊等嚴重違反比賽原則的行為，否則取消比賽資格。

七、比賽前流程：

1、確定主持人，確定辯題。

2、宣傳工作：邀請學生會宣傳部負責展板制作等相關(guān)宣傳工作。

3、確定相關(guān)負責音樂、計時、計分、簽到等人員。

4、申請活動使用教室，邀請學生會網(wǎng)絡部拍照，邀請學生會秘書部整理比賽計分文檔。

5、向評委發(fā)出邀請，可有老師、主席團、大眾評審團。

6、發(fā)布比賽相關(guān)信息。

7、準備活動所需設備：辯手順序牌，評委的位牌，計算器，評分表，主持稿，簽到表，招待物品（水杯等）。

八、比賽流程：

1、辯論賽程序

1，主持人介紹評委。

2、主持人介紹比賽方及所持立場。

3、主持人介紹比賽方，從正方開始，各參賽隊員依次介紹。

4、主持人介紹比賽程序

5、主持人宣布比賽開始。

6、正方反方依次發(fā)言，辯手每次發(fā)言時間在5分鐘內(nèi)。

7、評委給每位辯手打分。

8、辯論雙方?jīng)]有新的論點之后主持人可根據(jù)時間宣布比賽結(jié)束。

9、匯總評分表

10、評出最佳辯手等相關(guān)獎項。

11、發(fā)獎、主持人宣布辯論賽結(jié)束。

第五篇：文檔英語辯論稿

Positive side: Internet does more good than harm Negative side: Internet does more harm than good

一、陳述觀點階段 正方一辯 Respected chairman each leader comrades and friends from the opposite side Good morningIn todays information age the Internet is more and more strongly involved in our lives more and more close to everyone of us.We firmly believe that the Internet does more good than harm First of all the Internet is a virtual treasure trove of information.It makes the global sharing of information resources any kind of information on any topic under the sun is available on the Internet.People from all works are storing maintaining and updating the information in internet every day.We can almost find any type of data on almost any kind of subject that we are looking for.Secondly the Internet brings great convenience to our lives.Many services are now provided on the internet such as online banking job seeking purchasing tickets for your favorite movies guidance services on array of topics engulfing the every aspect of life and hotel reservations.Often these services are not available off-line and can cost you more.Thirdly the Internet has greatly improved work efficiency.Not only education and learning but also trade conference can be conducted online.The companies in different areas can hold online meetings through the internet to bargain important issues of business.Internet cuts out a series of complex processes saves a lot of manpower and material resources and improves our work efficiency greatly.Finally the internet can open our minds.Today we are in an information society internet is an encyclopedic world with extremely rich information.We can timely understand current events access to the latest knowledge and information through the internet.Just like an old saying: Xiucai knows everything under the Heaven though he needn’t to leave his home.Therefore we firmly believe that the internet does more good than harm Thank you 反方一辯 Internet plays a very important role in modern life.It has revolutionized our lives in many ways as the affirmative side described.However it is the innovative change of the Internet era that Pandora’s box is opened at the same time.a virtual world Internet provides in which persons surfing on the Internet don’t know each other they just identify others’ identification through online login account so that it is lack of basic trust relationship because all you know is only his/her e-mail or QQ number and you should not blindly believe in the Internet.While more and more people lose themselves in online games which is not only waste of money but also waste of time.some feel lost without the internet like a man without a soul a slave to the internet.others even have an addiction problem to the internet to the extent of medical treatment.In addition long-term online all day to autism and indulge in fantasy from reality leads to the state when they really face society and the crowd because of distance and imagine the problems are not normal shrinking communicating with people Moreover parents nowadays have been worried about what their kids read and see on-line because of pornography or violent scene being full of Internet and these teenage will go out in real life and function.Consequently Internet is gradually eroded their physical and mental health.Even worse some bad gangs make use of the Internet to steal others’ privacy information damage and control other people’s computer system to launch malicious attack suck as DoS Trojan horse and so on.All of the above statements prove that Internet has done more harm than good to society.二、自由辯論階段 正方1Our viewpoint is “Internet does more advantages than harm”.The spreading speed of traditional books newspapers and magazines is so slow.With the developing of the Internet people can get plenty of information from the networks quickly and conveniently and they feel the world become much smaller.For example we knew the exact news from Internet about the earthquake in WenChuan several minutes after its happening.And the popular word “earth village” can support our opinion too.反方1Excuse me I can’t agree with you.I think Internet do more harm than good.Although we can get information quickly on Internet.But it also brings new problems.For example many Publishing Company went bankrupt and Many people lost their jobs.At the same time the copyright status is very bad in China.There is a joke: a young man to Microsoft interview he answer the interviewer a question and he was driven out.because the interviewer asked him Do you know the price of Microsoft operate system in China The young man asked: 5 yuan.Is this good to you 正方2Although the Internet makes some industries closed down but it has also produced some new industries.The defenders only see the Internet makes some people lose jobs but do not see the Internet gives more people new jobs so the defenders point of view is one-sided.With the development of Internet the communication between people is more easily we can communicate with others through a lot of ways provided by the Internet such as QQ EMAIL chat room and so on.反方2Please note you confuse a basic concept the distance between people is to rely on people themselves to decide ever not the network.The network is changing people s way of communication.In the absence of the Internet era we still can narrow the distance between people therefore it cannot be said that the Internet has shortened the distance between people.On the contrary people put too much effort and emotion in the Internet reduced face-to-face communication with the family friends colleagues so that the distance between two hearts increased it makes people become distant.正方3In addition to the front view of our partners I think the Internet has created a new way of life.Chat online checking information online learning online or even work online people can complete many things remain indoors which is impossible previously.SOHO is now a very popular word it means Small Office and Home Office.This makes it reality for people to choose the way of life and work according to their own interest and hobbies without limitation of time and place.反方3I’m sorry I don’t agree with you.I feel the Internet can help us to do many thing at the same time people become more and more lazy more and more weaker even lost the joy of living.Please look me my weight is 130 pounds 2 years ago now I spend much time on Internet so I am overweight and become weak.正方4Mr.Yan I have to say your point of view is very creative But I think the weight problems are not necessarily lined with the popularity of the network One of the biggest benefits of the Internet is accelerating the flow of information and spreading education to all corners of the globe.Now there are a lot of searching engines on the Internet such as Google and Baidu we can get whatever information we want within only several seconds.Just like an old saying: Xiucai knows everything under the Heaven though he needs not to leave his home.反方4The other debater please note you only see the benefits of the Internet and ignored the existence of a large number of bad information on the Internet the information has a very bad influence on people especially teenagers and even cause them to crime.According to statistics more than 80 of the minor crime is related to exposure of bad information in the network some minor to indulge in violence pornographic games the game scenes to life by the game of seduction and lead to crime.正方5I must remind the other side debaters.It is because of the high speed developing of networks that the adults pay more attention to the young criminals quickly and adopt efficient measures.Is it not the advantage of the Internet Let’s think about the invention and using of knife it has an analogy to the Internet.反方5Excuse me I oppose you change the focus.I think There is a More severe problem.Please note the remarks of Anti-social and Pseudo-science on Internet.not only young man but also adults are affected.It is very dangerous to all and to our country.Do you can talk the advantage of Internet standing here 正方6When we were young parents and teacher often told us: Pick up the good and throw away the bad.But now you are not only staring at the bad but also exaggerating it It’s wrong Very wrong I would also say Internet is just like a bridge of communicating between people.It’s a great way to meet up with people of similar interest and discuss common issues saving both money and time.反方6Please note we have already explained this will only increase the distance between people.In the real world interpersonal relations become weak.After all the Internet is only a small part of human life people are to be living in the real world the weak relationships people feel more and more lonely because friends only exist on the Internet in real life there is no real friends.正方7This is just a social problem not the wrong of Internet itself.So we dont need to discuss it.I want to describe another big advantage of the Internet.It is that the Internet makes the electronic commerce vigorous developed.Now more and more shops run online and more and more people like online shopping it brings great convenience to us.For example Ive just bought a pair of leather shoes from the Internet last week it is 30 cheaper than the same products in entity stores besides it also saves a large amount of shopping time for me.反方7The Internet is convenient But please note the Internet is unsafe.hacker computer virus Trojan network fishing and so on It will make the Internet become very terrible.we may have cheated lost money even lost privacy.A newspaper report: A company with millions of assets went backrupt because a young man used the leak of the network.And I believe you remember the movie star CHEN Guan Xi his personal photos were for all to see.The Internet is too unsafe.正方8Although there are secure problems on Internet but we can adopt many technique methods to solve them.Another benefit the Internet brings is entertainment.You can find many ways to amuse yourself.Watching online movies playing online games and talking in chat room can help you relax.Furthermore you can make friends with many fun and kind people all over the world.反方8Yes now the entertainment network is very developed leads to more problems.More and more young people indulging in online entertainment the network has great dependence even morbid.The Internet makes young people confuse the virtual world and the real world influences the young people moral standard of judgment.At the same time the network game had a bad influence to young peoples mental health learning life make them fat decreased performance decreased visual acuity even cant write with a pen.正方9Please pay attention once again what you talked about is not the wrong of Internet itself it is the problem of its users.And it is just the development of online entertainment that have enriched our life and made large contribution to the state GDP.反方9I’m sorry I also please you note.The violent and pornographic scene are often appear in the online games.It constantly hurt the soul of young people make them become depressed.We all know The young people are enthusiastic Dynamic and Positive they are main power of develop of country.thus It is not only the problem of family but also the problem of the society.So let’s far away from the Internet and make the children become well make the society become civilized.正方10I found a very interesting phenomenon.We have list many benefits internet bring to us but you refute all of these through the problems of people not the problems of internet itself.So we still firmly hold that the benefits of the internet are much greater than the negative impacts.反方10Excuse me you ignore the harm of the Internet.It is very dangerous

三、總結(jié)陳詞階段 反方四辯 Generally speaking the internet is a double-edged sword.Like a coin have two side the good side and the bad side yes it really improvement our life in some aspect but isn’t all.The internet brought a lot of bother with negative thing.And we don’t have the method for solve.Such as the network deceive divulge privacy too much bad information and so on.and the most important We can’t be 100 to eliminate those problems at least not yet.So the internet is not Perfect world We should not expect too much on the Internet.As we all know the birth of the Internet causes not used to enrich peoples lives but to service the military field so I think it is very suitable for the application in the military enterprises companies departments and other areas like that.Although it can be applied to the daily life of ordinary people it still has limitations.As the nuclear weapon action is huge but people must find a way to control it or just opened a Pandoras box the devil will be released.So the most important is how we using the Internet in our life rather than the Internet itself.if we know what we need clearly and how to take advantage of internet responsibly.I am sure it will affect our modern life in a positive way and make our life more wonderful and splendid.正方四辯 Ladies and Gentlemen Good morning We are so happy and lucky for we live inthe information age with rapidly developed technology.And the Internet is a sign of the times.We are sure that the Internet must do more good than harm First of all the Internethas brought us great benefits.As our partners have said the Internet can accelerate the information query narrow the world and make the communication of people more convenient.Despite of shopping online learning onlineand message delivery even the debate today we’ve collected a lot of information on Internet.The Internethas opened for us a convenient way enriched our life andacceleratedthe progress of our society.Secondly everything has two sides so does the Internet.As the defenders stated The Internet has some drawbacks while it brings us convenience.But the harm of Internet strictly speaking is the wrong of people.Some people usethe benefits of Internet to commit a crime spread the bad information while other people use the net unhealthily indulging in Internet game wasting too much time in Internet.But all of these are not wrong for Internet itself but for the people who use it.And It is just like a knife initially created in order to solve some problems in life but someone use it to murder while the knife is not wrong in itself.Thirdly the good of Internet must be more thanitsharm.If not perhaps the Internet has died out in its development.If Internet does more harm than goodit must be disgusted by people.Could the number of people in our country using Internet will be more than one hundred million If Internetcan do more harm than good sosmart as the United States will it vote heavily in the construction of theInternet Finally the harm of the Internetcan be completely avoided.As long as we strengthen the network protection many security problems can be avoidedand if dont loss prevention and alert for some small profits in the Internetwe can reducethe chance of being deceived.At the same time we have to control the time of being online to keep health the relevant departments should also strengthen the management of the Internet control the spreading of harmful information so that the Internetruns in a healthy environment.As Lu Xun had said when the windows openIn not only the fresh air but also the flies and mosquitoes.Lets expand the good of Internet reduce its harm and make the Internet be our good teacher and friend Thank you