第一篇：英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的用法小結(jié)

英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的用法小結(jié)

英語(yǔ)常見時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

（1）be動(dòng)詞：is，am，are

（2）其他動(dòng)詞：?jiǎn)螖?shù)第三人稱加s。

2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)

（1）be動(dòng)詞：was，were

（2）其他動(dòng)詞：過(guò)去式，即規(guī)則動(dòng)詞加ed，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞特殊記。

3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)

（1）will/ shall +動(dòng)詞原形

（2）is/ am/ are going to +動(dòng)詞原形

4.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

（1）would +動(dòng)詞原形

（2）was/ were + to +動(dòng)詞原形

5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

is/ am/ are +動(dòng)詞-ing

6.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

was/were +動(dòng)詞-ing

7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

have/ has + 過(guò)去分詞

過(guò)去分詞，即規(guī)則動(dòng)詞加ed，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞特殊記。

8.過(guò)去完成時(shí)

had + 過(guò)去分詞

英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)的用法 一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法

1．表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與always, usually, often, sometimes, every day

(week, month)等連用。

He plays football twice a week.他每周踢兩次足球。

I sometimes go to work on foot.我有時(shí)步行去上班。

2．表示現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)或狀態(tài)。

It’s cold today.今天很冷。

You look tired now.你現(xiàn)在看起來(lái)很疲乏。

3．表示主語(yǔ)所具有的特征，性格和能力等。

She is a famous singer.她是個(gè)著名的歌唱家。

Tom likes swimming.湯姆喜歡游泳。

4．表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。

It’s far from the earth to the sun.地球與太陽(yáng)間的距離很遠(yuǎn)。

Five and three makes eight.五加三得八。

5．表示已預(yù)先安排或計(jì)劃好將來(lái)確定會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如列車時(shí)刻等。

但主要用于go, come, leave, start, return, arrive等瞬間動(dòng)詞。

The train from London arrives at 7:00.從倫敦來(lái)的火車7:00到站。

He leaves on business the day after tomorrow.他后天出差。

6．在時(shí)間及條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。

I’ll call you as soon as I get there.我一到那里就打電話給你。

I’ll come if he invites me.如果他邀請(qǐng)我，我就來(lái)。

7．在以here, there開頭的句子里，表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

Here comes the bus!汽車來(lái)了！

There goes the bell!鈴響了！

注意：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，代詞必須放在動(dòng)詞之前。如：

There he comes!他來(lái)了！

8．某些表示心理狀態(tài)和感覺的動(dòng)詞，如feel, love, hope, want, understand等表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的具體

行為。

I feel pain in my head.我頭疼。

I don’t understand what you mean.我不理解你的意思。

注意：此時(shí)只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)而不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。二、一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法

1．表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的副詞如：yesterday, last week, two

hours ago等連用。

My family moved here five years ago.我家五年前搬到了這里。

I was born in 1973.我生于1973年。

2．表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。這時(shí)可與頻度副詞如：

often, usually, always等連用。

He always worked into night those days.那些日子他總是工作到深夜。

I often left on business in 1987.1987年我經(jīng)常出差。

注意：表示“過(guò)去經(jīng)常，而今不再”時(shí)，要用used to。如：

I used to read newspaper after breakfast.我過(guò)去經(jīng)常早飯后看報(bào)紙。（意指現(xiàn)在已不是這樣）

The children often swam in this river.孩子們過(guò)去經(jīng)常在這條河里游泳。(只表示過(guò)去有過(guò)這個(gè)事情，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān))

3．表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的一連串動(dòng)作。

過(guò)去發(fā)生的一連串動(dòng)作，若用and, or, but等并列連詞連接，則一律用過(guò)去式。

He put down the heavy box, took out the keys, and opened the door.他放下這沉重的箱子，掏出鑰匙開了房門。

They moved the chairs to the table, sat down and began to have supper.他們把椅子搬到桌邊，坐下開始吃飯。

4．在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。

He said that he would let me know as soon as he got the information.他說(shuō)他一得到消息就立即讓我知道。

Mary told me that she would stay at home if it rained.瑪麗告訴我如果下雨她就呆在家里。三、一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法

（1）表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)如next month, tomorrow, in a

week, soon等連用。

I will go to the zoo next Sunday.下周日我將去動(dòng)物園。

She’ll go to the cinema tonight.今晚她將去看電影。

（2）表示將來(lái)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作

Some birds will fly away to the south when winter comes.冬季來(lái)臨時(shí)，一些鳥兒將飛往南方。

（3）“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”可以表示：

I）根據(jù)目前跡象某件事情很有可能發(fā)生。

Look at those clouds!It’s going to rain.看那些云，快下雨了。

II）打算、計(jì)劃、決定要做某事。

We’re going to meet outside the school gate.我們打算在校門口見面。

will與is/ am/ are going to do的區(qū)別：

都可表示將來(lái)，通?？苫Q，但下面幾種情形只用will而不用be going to。

（1）表示帶有“意愿”色彩的將來(lái)時(shí)。

I’ll help you if you need.如果需要，我?guī)湍恪?/p>

（2）問(wèn)對(duì)方是否愿意或表示客氣的邀請(qǐng)或命令時(shí)。

Will you go shopping with me? 你和我一起去購(gòu)物嗎？

Will you please open the door? 請(qǐng)把門打開好嗎？

（3）表示客觀必然會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。

It will be Monday tomorrow.明天是周一。

（4）在含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，主句如果是將來(lái)時(shí)，則多用will。

I’ll take care of your baby when you are out.你出門時(shí)我會(huì)照看你的小寶寶。

I’ll open the window if you smoke here.你如果在這兒抽煙我就把窗戶打開。

四、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的用法

過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，多用于賓語(yǔ)從句中，表示從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之后。如果表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作時(shí)，只能用would，而不用should。如：

He said he would ring me up at six.他說(shuō)他六點(diǎn)鐘將給我打電話。

I would swim in this pool when I was a child.我孩童時(shí)期經(jīng)常在這個(gè)池塘游泳。

This window wouldn’t close.這個(gè)窗戶老是關(guān)不上。

五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

（1）表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與now, at present, at this, moment等連用。

It is snowing now.現(xiàn)在正在下雪。

He is watching TV at present.他正在看電視。

（2）與these days, this week/month等連用，表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

He is studying hard these days.這些天他學(xué)習(xí)很努力。

He is writing a book.他在寫一本書。

注意：在“Look!, Listen!”等感嘆句后，通常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

Look!The bus is coming.看，公共汽車來(lái)了。

比較：

Look!There comes the bus.（以Here, There為首的句子以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。）

（3）與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，表示最近計(jì)劃或安排好的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，主要用于go, come，arrive, leave start, return等瞬間動(dòng)詞。即用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)。

He is leaving for Nanjing tonight.他今晚去南京。

The meeting is beginning at three this afternoon.會(huì)議在下午3：00開始。

（4）與always, continually, forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作，代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)說(shuō)話

人強(qiáng)烈的感情。如贊揚(yáng)、不滿、討厭等。如：

He is always asking such silly questions.他老是提這類愚蠢的問(wèn)題。

He is continually making mistakes.他不斷地犯錯(cuò)誤。

沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞

1．表示“存在、位置”的動(dòng)詞。如：be（是），lie（位于），stand（位于）

She is a doctor.她是名醫(yī)生。

The mountain lies in the middle of the country.這座山位于該國(guó)的中部。

The tower stands beside the river.這座塔位于河邊。

但是，lie, stand分別作“躺、站”解時(shí)，可用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

The cat is lying under the table.貓?zhí)稍谧雷酉旅妗?/p>

He is standing against the door.他正靠門站著。

2．表示“所有”的動(dòng)詞。如：have（有），own（擁有）

I have a new car.我有一輛新車。

He owns a lot of houses.他擁有許多房子。

但是，當(dāng)have作“吃、舉行”講時(shí)，可用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

She is having lunch now.她現(xiàn)在正在吃午飯。

They are having a sports meeting.他們正在舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。

3．表示感覺的動(dòng)詞。如：see（看到），hear（聽到），smell（聞到），feel（摸起來(lái)），taste（嘗起來(lái)），find（發(fā)現(xiàn)）等。

I see a snake lying in the grass.我看到一條蛇躺在草叢里。

4．表示心理活動(dòng)和情感的動(dòng)詞，如：know（知道），understand（理解），think（作為），like（喜歡），love（愛），hate（恨），hope（希望），want（想要）等。

I think they are right.我認(rèn)為他們是正確的。

I like music.我喜歡音樂(lè)。

但是，think作“想，考慮”解時(shí)，可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：

I’m thinking about it now.我現(xiàn)在正在考慮這事。

Do you know what he is thinking about? 你知道他在想什么嗎？

六、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

（1）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。一般和過(guò)去的特定時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句連用。

如：then, at that time, at eight yesterday, this time yesterday, when he came in等。

I was playing volley-ball this time last Sunday.上周日的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在打排球。

Li Fang was watching TV when her father came back.李芳的爸爸回來(lái)時(shí)她正在看電視。

（2）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間是持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

They were making ships last month.他們上個(gè)月正在造船。

（3）go, come, leave等瞬間動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間安排或計(jì)劃好的即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

The plane was arriving at eight.飛機(jī)八點(diǎn)到達(dá)。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，強(qiáng)調(diào)“動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性”，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則表示一個(gè)做完的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)“有過(guò)這件事”。

I was playing chess last night.昨晚我在下棋。

I played chess last night.昨晚我下棋了。

My father worked last Sunday.我爸爸上周日工作了。

My father was working last Sunday.我爸爸上周日在工作。

七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法

（1）強(qiáng)調(diào)不久前完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響，常與already, just, yet等副詞連用。

I have just read your letter.我剛剛讀完你的信。

He has already come back.他已經(jīng)回來(lái)了.（2）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。for后通常跟

一個(gè)時(shí)間段，而since后只能跟一個(gè)具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。

for two weeks持續(xù)兩周時(shí)間；since Monday自從周一

He has lived here for three years.他在此住了兩年了。

I have been here since 1976.自從1976年我就一直在這里。瞬間動(dòng)詞及注意要點(diǎn)：

a.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果是瞬間動(dòng)詞，如come, go, begin, join等，則不可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。

如：他到此兩周了。

He has arrived here for two weeks.（×）

此時(shí)需轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)方式：

① 用ago代替for，并改為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

② 用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞代替瞬間動(dòng)詞。

③ 用It is/It has been…since…句型。

所以上面的句子可轉(zhuǎn)換為：

① He arrived here two weeks ago.② He has been here for two weeks.③ It is/ It has been two weeks since he arrived here.b.當(dāng)瞬間動(dòng)詞用于否定句時(shí)，則可以與時(shí)間段連用。如：

I haven’t gone there for six years.我六年沒(méi)去那兒。

（3）強(qiáng)調(diào)直到現(xiàn)在為止的生活經(jīng)歷。

I have been to Paris twice.我去過(guò)巴黎兩次。

It’s one of the most interesting films I’ve ever seen.它是我看過(guò)的最有趣的電影之一。

比較have been to與have gone to

have been to表示“去過(guò)某地”，現(xiàn)在已回來(lái)了，可以與ever ,since等詞連用。如：

I have ever been to London.我曾去過(guò)倫敦。

have gone to表示“去某地了”，現(xiàn)在尚未回來(lái)，不能與ever, since等詞連用。

He has gone to London.他去倫敦了。

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別

二者都表示“動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生”，區(qū)別在于：

（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，即對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果、影響等，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)

去的事實(shí)，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。

He has learned French for three years.他學(xué)法語(yǔ)已三年了。

He learned French for three years.他曾學(xué)過(guò)三年法語(yǔ)。

Who has taken my bag? I couldn’t find it.誰(shuí)拿走了我的包？我找不著了！

He cleaned the house yesterday.他昨天打掃過(guò)房間。

The room is clean, for he has cleaned it already.房間很干凈，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)打掃過(guò)了。

（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不可與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間副詞連用，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則可以。

He has done some washing yesterday.（F）

He did some washing yesterday.（T）

他昨天洗衣服了。

八、過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法

與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法相似，只不過(guò)作為衡量基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)不同，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)以現(xiàn)在作為衡量的基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)，而過(guò)去完成時(shí)則以過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻作為基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)。

（1）表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作之前完成了的動(dòng)作，即“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，常by, before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀

語(yǔ)連用。如：

By the time he was ten, Edison had built a lab for himself.到愛迪生10歲時(shí)，他已給自己建了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。

He had measured me before I could get in a word.我還沒(méi)說(shuō)話，他已把衣服量完了。

I thought I had seen him before.我原以為以前見過(guò)他。

（2）表示由過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與for和since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間

狀語(yǔ)相連用。

She said she had worked in that hospital for 20 years.她說(shuō)她已在那所醫(yī)院工作20年了。

He said he had taught in the university since 1989.他說(shuō)自從1989年他就在這所大學(xué)任教。

（3）敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情后，反過(guò)來(lái)又追敘或補(bǔ)述更早以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

I knew nothing about this matter, for I had been away for six month.對(duì)于此事我一無(wú)所知，因?yàn)槲乙央x開6個(gè)月了。

Some people ran into the street.They had heard a loud noise.有些人跑上了街，他們聽到很響的嘈雜聲。

時(shí)態(tài)的一致

在一些從句（主要是賓語(yǔ)從句）中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，常常受主句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的影響，這叫做時(shí)態(tài)的一致。

時(shí)態(tài)的一致通常分以下一些情況下考慮：

1．當(dāng)主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)態(tài)，在這種情況下，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以用任何所需時(shí)

態(tài)。如：

I know that Mr.Brown is a good teacher.我知道布朗先生是一名好老師。

She believes that he was once a solider.她相信他以前曾是一名士兵。

He will tell us what he is going to do.他將告訴我們他要干什么。

2．當(dāng)主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，在這種情況下，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以分為下面三種情況：

（1）如果從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作與主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句則需要用一

般過(guò)去時(shí)或過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

He was wondering where he could put the box.他不知道該把這個(gè)盒子放在哪里。

The students were talking while the teacher was writing on the blackboard.老師在黑板上板書時(shí)，學(xué)生們?cè)谡f(shuō)話。

（2）如果從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前，從句則要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：

The train had left when they got to the station.當(dāng)他們到達(dá)車站時(shí)，火車已經(jīng)開走了。

He said his father had been dead for twenty years.他說(shuō)他父親已經(jīng)去世二十年了。

（3）如果從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后，從句則要用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。如：

She said she would finish the work tonight.她說(shuō)過(guò)她將于今晚完成這項(xiàng)工作。

We knew that it was going to snow.我們知道將要下雪了。

3．當(dāng)從句所說(shuō)明的為一般真理或客觀事實(shí)時(shí)，無(wú)論主句為何時(shí)態(tài)，從句不受影響，仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

The boy was told that the moon travels around the earth.男孩被告知月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。

Everybody knows that sixty minutes make an hour.人人都知道一小時(shí)有六十分鐘。

第二篇：初中英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)用法小結(jié)

英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)用法小結(jié) 根據(jù)試題統(tǒng)計(jì)，動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法占語(yǔ)法考題中的50%左右，其內(nèi)容主要包括動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、要掌握英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)，必須掌握好英語(yǔ)中的助動(dòng)詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)這兩個(gè)核心問(wèn)題?，F(xiàn)將各考點(diǎn)分別歸納如下。

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

主要用來(lái)表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn)；表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)；表示客觀規(guī)律和永恒真理等。

He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.She has a brother who lives in New York.The earth goes around the sun.Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過(guò)去的語(yǔ)境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)，常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：時(shí)間：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment / minute / day / year

條件：if, unless, provided If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.考點(diǎn)三：在make sure(certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋賓語(yǔ)從句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。

So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the

experiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么時(shí)候做完試驗(yàn)。

考點(diǎn)四：在the more… the more …(越…越…)句型中, 若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí), 從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

The harder you study, the better results you will get.2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

表說(shuō)話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)；與頻率副詞，如always，constantly，continually，again等連用，表示說(shuō)話人的某種感情色彩(贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等)。

We are having English class.The house is being built these days.The little boy is always making trouble.考點(diǎn)一：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Look out when you are crossing the street.Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.考點(diǎn)二： 表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(這時(shí)多有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))。

Marry is leaving on Friday.3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，完成在過(guò)去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結(jié)果或影響仍存在。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。

考點(diǎn)一：for + 時(shí)間段；since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)

They have lived in Beijing for five years.They have lived in Beijing since 1995.I have learned English for ten years.考點(diǎn)二：常見的不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：lately, recently, just, already, yet, up to now;till now;so far, these days

Has it stopped raining yet?

考點(diǎn)三：在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/年/月以來(lái)……”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

in the past few years/months/weeks/days, over the past few years, during the last three months, for the last few centuries, through centuries, throughout history 等

In the past 30 years China has made great advances in socialist construction.考點(diǎn)四：表示“的過(guò)去”，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這種時(shí)態(tài)從來(lái)不孤立使用。There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.By the end of last term we had finished the book.They finished earlier than we had expected.考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcely...when;no sooner...than句型中，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang.(注意倒裝)考點(diǎn)二：表示“

“be about to + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示按照預(yù)定計(jì)劃或打算準(zhǔn)備著手進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。“be to + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示必須、必然或計(jì)劃將要做的事。

They are to be married in May.8.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)

表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或按計(jì)劃一定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。

I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow.明天這會(huì)我正在寫作業(yè)。The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.9.將來(lái)完成時(shí)

表示在將來(lái)某時(shí)刻之前業(yè)已完成的事情，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)非常明顯。

考點(diǎn)一：常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般用by + 將來(lái)時(shí)間，如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引導(dǎo)的從句。

By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，將來(lái)完成時(shí)則由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示。The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.10.動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)

一般用于強(qiáng)調(diào)受者，做題時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后通常不再有名詞或賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)一般不單獨(dú)考，而是和時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起考，需要注意以下考點(diǎn)。考點(diǎn)一：不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和詞組

come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeedIt took place before liberation.考點(diǎn)二：下列動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義, 而且常與well, quite, easily, badly等副詞連用：lock, wash, sell, read, wear, blame, ride , write

Glass breaks easily.玻璃容易破碎。The car rides smoothly.這車走起

來(lái)很穩(wěn)。

The case locks easily.這箱子很好鎖。The book sells well.這本書很暢銷。

考點(diǎn)三：一些常用經(jīng)典被動(dòng)句型

It is said…, It is reported…, It is widely believed…，It is expected…, It is estimated…,這些句子一般翻譯為“據(jù)說(shuō)…”，“人們認(rèn)為…”，而“以前人們認(rèn)為…”則應(yīng)該說(shuō)：It was believed…, It was thought…

第三篇：英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)

Tenses 時(shí)態(tài)

1, present simple 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

A, structure 結(jié)構(gòu): V---動(dòng)詞原形Vs---第三人稱單數(shù)

B, use

a, a fact that is always true or that is true for a long time

eg.I come from China.She works for a big company.b, a habit: every, often, usually, always, sometimes, never…

eg.My father always goes to work by car.C, negative: don’t / doesn’t + V

D, questions: Do / Does + 主語(yǔ)+ V

2, present continuous

A, structure: am/is/are+ V-ing

B, use

a, sth.in progress now: now, at the moment, today

eg.We are having an English class now.b, a future arrangement: this evening, tonight, tomorrow, next…

eg.She is playing tennis with her friends this afternoon.C, negative: be + not

D, question: be 提到主語(yǔ)之前

3, present perfect

A, structure: have / has + p.p

B, use

a, an experience in life: ever, never, all one’s life

eg.Have you ever been abroad?

b, a past action continues to now: for, since, recently, so far, for the past two weeks…h(huán)ow long

eg.I have worked in this company since I graduated from university.c, a past action with a result now: just, already, yet

eg.She has already done the washing up.C, negative: have / has + not

D, question: Have / Has 提前

※no definite time in this tense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)沒(méi)有確定的時(shí)間

4, present perfect continuous

A, structure: have / has + been + V-ing

B, use

a, a past action continues to now

eg.I have been waiting for you for ages！

b, a past action with a result now

eg.My back aches because I have been working in the garden all day.I’m hot because I have been running.My eyes are red because I have been reading all day.I’m wet because I have been washing my dog.C, negative: have/has + not

D, question: have/has提前

E, the differences between the present perfect simple and the present perfect continuous

a, to emphasize the result, we use the present perfect simple強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，用一般的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

to emphasize the activity, we use the present perfect continuous強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

b, the results are different: for the direct results of the activity, we use the simple, for the indirect ones, we use the continuous form.對(duì)動(dòng)作造成的直接結(jié)果，用一般的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，對(duì)間接結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

eg.I have repaired the car.(the result here: the car is ok now)

I have been repairing the car.(the result here: my hands are dirty now/ I’m tired now)

c, some words have an idea for a short time: lose, stop…we use the simple eg.I’ve lost my purse.some words have an idea for a long time: work, learn…we use the continuous eg.I’ve been working here for 3 years.d, some state verbs can’t be used in the continuous form, so we use the simple one.狀態(tài)詞不能用在進(jìn)行時(shí)里。

e, if there are numbers and quantity, we use the simple form.如果有數(shù)字和數(shù)量，用一般的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

eg.I have written three letters this morning.I have been writing the letter this morning.補(bǔ)充：state verbs

a, verbs of thinking and opinions

think(認(rèn)為)，know, understand, believe, mean, remember, forget

b, verbs of emotions and feelings

like, love, hate, want, hope, wish

c, verbs of having and being

have(有)，belong, own, cost, need, depend on

d, verbs of the senses

look看起來(lái), hear聽起來(lái), taste嘗起來(lái), smell聞起來(lái), feel摸起來(lái)

※ 有標(biāo)注中文意思的這些詞，只有在這些意思的時(shí)候，才是狀態(tài)詞，沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)，意思改變的時(shí)候是可以的。

eg.I am thinking of changing my job.考慮

We were having dinner when someone called.吃

She is tasting the soup.品嘗

5, past simple

A, structure: V-ed 動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)，有的是不規(guī)則變化。

B, use

a, a past action.eg.I went camping with colleagues last weekend.C, negative: didn’t + V

D, question: Did + 主語(yǔ)+ V

E, the differences between the past simple and the present perfect

a, if there is a definite past time, we can’t use the present perfect: yesterday, last night, last Monday…in 1999, when I was a little child…有確切的過(guò)去時(shí)間，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

eg.I met my husband when I was in the university.6, past continuous

A, structure: was / were + V-ing

B, use

a, an action that was in progress at a certain time in the past: this time yesterday, at 8:00 last night…

eg.I was doing my revision this time yesterday.b,a past simple interrupted a past continuous一般過(guò)去時(shí)打斷過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí): when, while, as

eg.I was shopping when I lost my mobile.c, to describe a scene in a story 描述故事的場(chǎng)景

eg.It was Sunday.The sun was shining and the birds were singing.C, negative: was/were + not

D, question:: was/were 提前

7, past perfect

A, structure: had + p.p

B, use

a, a past action happened before a past action 過(guò)去的過(guò)去

eg.When I got to the station, the train had already gone.※ 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，特別是when, while, as引導(dǎo)的從句中，肯定是有兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)要這樣用：

如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是一個(gè)借一個(gè)發(fā)生的，兩個(gè)都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)：

eg.When I got home, she cooked dinner.我到家之后，她去做飯。

如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，短的動(dòng)作打斷長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作，短的用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，長(zhǎng)的用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

eg.When I got home, she was cooking dinner, 當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候，她正在做飯。如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，一個(gè)是過(guò)去發(fā)生的，另外一個(gè)在這個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)間的過(guò)去發(fā)生，那么第一個(gè)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，第二個(gè)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

eg.When I got home, she had cooked dinner.8, future tenses

Struture1: will + V

Use: a, express an intention, decision, offer made at the moment of speaking.eg.-----I have a letter to post.-----well, I’m going to the post office, so I will post it for you.b, a prediction based on personal opinion, often with “I think…will/ I don’t think…will”

eg.-------Where are you going on holiday this year?

c, a future fact.Eg.Those followers won’t grow under the tree.You will be ill if you eat all those sweets!

-------I don’t know.Maybe I will visit my grandmother.Structure2: am/is/are + V-ing

Use: a future arrangement made before speaking

Structure3: be going to + V

Use: a, a future plan, intension made before speaking

b, a prediction based on fact and evidence

eg.Look at the clouds!It’s going to rain.My aunt is going to have a baby this summer.

第四篇：《小學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)》

《小學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)》

一：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

1、概念：用在敘述某人正在做某事的時(shí)候。（某動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）

其結(jié)構(gòu)是“be動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞ing”,句中可能會(huì)有l(wèi)ook，listen，now或一個(gè)相當(dāng)具體的時(shí)間。

2、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at this time

3、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing

4、否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing

5、一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首

6、動(dòng)詞加“ing”（現(xiàn)在分詞）的變化規(guī)則： 1）、接在動(dòng)詞后面加“ing”

2）、“元音+輔音+e”結(jié)尾的單詞把e去掉再加ing。

3）、重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫最后字母再加ing，單詞有：run—running、swim—swimming、put—putting、get—getting、shop—shopping

7、例句

1.)What is Mary doing?

She’s shopping.2.)Is Betty swimming now?

No, she isn’t.She’s running.3.)It’s seven thirty in the evening.We’re having dinner at home.二：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：

1、概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。用來(lái)敘述經(jīng)常性發(fā)生的事情、習(xí)慣和愛好等。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays，3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①動(dòng)詞 原形（如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要加（e）S）

②be+形容詞

4.否定形式： ①此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞;②am/is/are+not。

5.一般疑問(wèn)句：①用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。②把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；

6、如果敘述的人或事物是第三人稱單數(shù)行為動(dòng)詞要加上s或es，其變化規(guī)則和名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式變化規(guī)則一樣。1.)John likes going hiking.2.)Mary often gets up at seven o’clock.3.)Mr.Li cooks supper every evening.4.)How does he go to school?

----He goes to school on foot.5.)Does he go to school on Saturday?

---Yes, he does.(第三人稱單數(shù)一般疑問(wèn)句句前是does，句中的動(dòng)詞要用原形。)

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則: 1）直接在動(dòng)詞后面加“s”。

2）以“s、x、sh、ch”結(jié)尾的單詞，在動(dòng)詞后面加“es”。wash---washes watch---watches

fish---fishes 3）以“輔音+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，把y改i再加es。

carry---carries

study---studies

fly---flies 4）go 和do 的第三人稱單數(shù)是goes 和does

敘述的人或事物不是第三人稱單數(shù)行為動(dòng)詞要用原形。1.)I usually go to school on foot.2.)We play football every Sunday afternoon.3.)What do they do on Sundays?

---They play chess.三：一般過(guò)去時(shí)：

1、概念：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀態(tài)連用，2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be+形容詞；②行為動(dòng)詞

4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did 提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.肯定句: I visited my grandparents last weekend.I usually played with my friends last year.I was busy last weekend.They were sad yesterday.否定句: I didn’t visit my grandparents last weekend.I wasn’t busy last weekend.They were not sad yesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句: Did you visit you grandparents last weekend?

Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.Were you busy last weekend?

Yes, I was./ No, I didn’t.Yes, we were./ No, we weren’t.特殊疑問(wèn)句: What did you do yesterday?

I played football.Where did Mike go last weekend?

He went to the library.How did you go there?

I went by bus.Where were you yesterday? I was at home.四：一般將來(lái)時(shí)：

1、敘述將要發(fā)生的事情或打算。表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①am/is/are/going to + do；結(jié)構(gòu)是be going to+動(dòng)詞原形。如果所接的動(dòng)詞原形剛好是go或come，可把to go 和to come 去掉。②will + do.4.否定形式：①am/is/are/going to +not+ do；②will + not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加will not，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問(wèn)句：be放于句首；will提到句首。

1.)What are you going to do tomorrow?

---I am going to visit my grandparents.2.)Are they going to sweep the floor tonight?

---Yes, they are.3．）Where is Sarah going(to go)next week?

---She’s going(to go)the park.

第五篇：《小學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)》[定稿]

一：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：用在敘述某人正在做某事的時(shí)候。（某動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）

其結(jié)構(gòu)是“be動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞ing”,句中可能會(huì)有l(wèi)ook，listen，now或一個(gè)相當(dāng)具體的時(shí)間。動(dòng)詞加“ing”（現(xiàn)在分詞）的變化規(guī)則：

1、接在動(dòng)詞后面加“ing”

2、“元音+輔音+e”結(jié)尾的單詞把e去掉再加ing。

3、重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫最后字母再加ing，單詞有：run—running、swim—swimming、put—putting、get—getting、shop—shopping 1.)What is Mary doing?She’s shopping.2.)Is Betty swimming now?No, she isn’t.She’s running.3.)It’s seven thirty in the evening.We’re having dinner at home.二：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：用來(lái)敘述經(jīng)常性發(fā)生的事情、習(xí)慣和愛好等，時(shí)間詞有sometimesoftenusuallyevery morning(afternoon,evening,day,week,year)on Monday等（注意此時(shí)要先弄清敘述的人或事物是否第三人稱單數(shù)。即he、she、it。）

式變化規(guī)則一樣。

1.)John likes going hiking.2.)Mary often gets up at seven o’clock.3.)Mr.Li cooks supper every evening.4.)How does he go to school?----He goes to school on foot.5.)Does he go to school on Saturday?---Yes, he does.(第三人稱單數(shù)一般疑問(wèn)句句前是does，句中的動(dòng)詞要用原形。)

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則:

1）直接在動(dòng)詞后面加“s”。2）以“s、x、sh、ch”結(jié)尾的單詞，在動(dòng)詞后面加“es”。

wash---washeswatch---watchesfish---fishes 3）以“輔音+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，把y改i再加es。carry---carriesstudy---studiesfly---flies

4）go 和do 的第三人稱單數(shù)是goes 和does1.)I usually go to school on foot.2.)We play football every Sunday afternoon.3.)What do they do on Sundays?---They play chess.三：一般將來(lái)時(shí)：敘述將要發(fā)生的事情或打算。時(shí)間詞有：tomorrow, tonight, next Monday(Tuesday…), next week(month, year…),this morning(afternoon…)結(jié)構(gòu)是be going to+動(dòng)詞原形。如果所接的動(dòng)詞原形剛好是go或come，可把to go 和to come 去掉。

1.)What are you going to do tomorrow?---I am going to visit my grandparents.2.)Are they going to sweep the floor tonight?---Yes, they are.3．）Where is Sarah going(to go)next week?---She’s going(to go)the park.四：過(guò)去時(shí)：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀態(tài)連用, 如yesterday, last weekend, last Sunday 等.也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 常和often, always表示頻率的時(shí)間連用。

肯定句: I visited my grandparents last weekend.I usually played with my friends last year.I was busy last weekend.They were sad yesterday.否定句: I didn’t visit my grandparents last weekend.I wasn’t busy last weekend.They were not sad yesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句: Did you visit you grandparents last weekend?Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.Were you busy last weekend?Yes, I was./ No, I didn’t.Yes, we were./ No, we weren’t.特殊疑問(wèn)句: What did you do yesterday?

I played football.Where did Mike go last weekend?He went to the library.How did you go there?

I went by bus.Where were you yesterday? I was at home.